Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
J Adolesc. 2023 Aug;95(6):1116-1126. doi: 10.1002/jad.12179. Epub 2023 Apr 28.
Concussions are associated with a variety of physical, cognitive, and mental health impairments. If sustained during adolescence, a time when the brain is undergoing development, the risk of long-term impairments becomes heightened. This is a notable subject for investigation as many concussions are sustained among adolescents during high school sports and other physical activities.
We used data from the 2019 United States Youth Risk Behavior Survey to investigate the association between concussions and suicidality (i.e., suicide ideation, planning, and attempts), suicide capability (i.e., physical fighting and weapon carrying), and hopelessness, a risk factor for suicide. We utilized a cross-sectional design and used multivariate regression models and t tests for analysis.
Participants were 1754 adolescent students who sustained a concussion during the prior year (54.61% male; M age = 15.94) and 9795 adolescent students who did not sustain a concussion during the prior year (47.27% male; M age = 15.95). Females were less likely (13.23%) than males (17.12%) to report at least one concussion in the past 12 months. Both male and female students who had experienced a concussion were more likely to report physical fighting, weapon carrying, and hopelessness. Male students with a concussion history were also more likely to report suicide attempts than male students without a concussion history.
Findings indicate that concussions are associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts, suicide capability, and hopelessness among male adolescents and suicide capability and hopelessness among female adolescents. They further suggest a need for additional mental health support and safety policies for student-athletes and other at-risk adolescents.
脑震荡与多种身体、认知和心理健康损伤有关。如果在大脑发育期间的青少年时期持续发生，那么长期损伤的风险就会增加。这是一个值得关注的研究课题，因为许多青少年在高中运动和其他体育活动中会遭受脑震荡。
我们使用了 2019 年美国青少年风险行为调查的数据，调查了脑震荡与自杀意念（即自杀意念、计划和尝试）、自杀能力（即身体打架和携带武器）和绝望之间的关联，绝望是自杀的一个风险因素。我们采用了横断面设计，并使用了多变量回归模型和 t 检验进行分析。
参与者为 1754 名在过去一年中遭受脑震荡的青少年学生（54.61%为男性；平均年龄=15.94）和 9795 名在过去一年中未遭受脑震荡的青少年学生（47.27%为男性；平均年龄=15.95）。女性报告在过去 12 个月中至少有一次脑震荡的可能性（13.23%）低于男性（17.12%）。经历过脑震荡的男女学生更有可能报告身体打架、携带武器和绝望。有脑震荡病史的男学生比没有脑震荡病史的男学生更有可能报告自杀企图。
研究结果表明，脑震荡与男性青少年自杀企图、自杀能力和绝望感增加有关，与女性青少年自杀能力和绝望感增加有关。这进一步表明，需要为运动员和其他高危青少年提供更多的心理健康支持和安全政策。
