Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, C/ Tajo s/n, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid 28670, Spain.
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2023 Jan-Dec;17:17534666231167354. doi: 10.1177/17534666231167354.
COVID-19 pandemic has challenged healthcare systems worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the results of a Respiratory Telerehabilitation Program implemented to patients post-COVID-19 in postacute phase of mild to critical course of COVID-19 who had persistent respiratory symptoms and had not received any vaccination. The intervention was performed during confinement.
A quasi-experimental nonrandomized study was conducted in Spain during confinement. Respiratory Telerehabilitation Program was guided by a specialized physical therapist through a web platform (Zoom by Zoom Video Communications, San Jose, CA, USA). Participants were recruited through social webs. Outcome measures included respiratory rate, heart rate, percutaneous oxygen saturation, Mahler's Dyspnea Index, anxiety status, and quality of life [EuroQol 5 Dimension 5 (EQ-5D)].
A total number of 148 participants were recruited, with a final number of 100 participants completing the protocol (50 experimental group (EG)/50 control group (CG)). A total of 500 telerehabilitation sessions were performed for this study. In the EG, pre-post intervention comparative analysis showed significative changes in Mahler's functional dyspnea ( < 0.001), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory ( < 0.001), oxygen saturation ( < 0.001), heart rate ( < 0.001), quality-of-life questionnaire ( < 0.001), and respiratory rate ( < 0.001). Participants in the CG showed an improvement in all the variables, but the differences were not statistically significant except in Mahler's functional dyspnea ( = 0.001) and in the quality-of-life questionnaire ( = 0.043). Percentage changes in pre-post intervention were calculated and compared between EG and CG. There were statistically significative differences in all the outcomes in favor of the EG.
The implementation of a pulmonary telerehabilitation program for COVID-19 not vaccinated survivors in postacute phase with mild to critical course of COVID-19 with respiratory sequelae has proven its benefits in cardiorespiratory variables and dyspnea-related anxiety.
COVID-19 大流行给全球医疗体系带来了挑战。本研究旨在评估一项针对 COVID-19 后轻度至危重症急性后期持续存在呼吸症状且未接种任何疫苗的 COVID-19 患者实施的呼吸远程康复计划的结果。该干预措施是在隔离期间进行的。
本研究在西班牙进行了一项准实验性非随机研究。呼吸远程康复计划由专门的物理治疗师通过网络平台（美国加利福尼亚州圣何塞的 Zoom by Zoom Video Communications）进行指导。参与者通过社交网络招募。主要观察指标包括呼吸频率、心率、经皮血氧饱和度、Mahler 呼吸困难指数、焦虑状态和生活质量[欧洲五维健康量表 5 维度（EQ-5D）]。
共招募了 148 名参与者，最终有 100 名参与者完成了方案（实验组 50 名，对照组 50 名）。本研究共进行了 500 次远程康复治疗。在实验组中，干预前后的比较分析显示 Mahler 功能性呼吸困难（ < 0.001）、状态特质焦虑量表（ < 0.001）、血氧饱和度（ < 0.001）、心率（ < 0.001）、生活质量问卷（ < 0.001）和呼吸频率（ < 0.001）有显著变化。对照组所有变量均有所改善，但差异无统计学意义，除了 Mahler 功能性呼吸困难（ = 0.001）和生活质量问卷（ = 0.043）。计算了干预前后的百分比变化，并比较了实验组和对照组之间的差异。实验组在所有结果上均有统计学差异，对实验组有益。
对 COVID-19 后急性后期轻度至危重症、有呼吸后遗症且未接种疫苗的幸存者实施肺远程康复计划，在心肺变量和呼吸困难相关焦虑方面显示出益处。
