移动的意图是什么，以及它何时发生？
What is the intention to move and when does it occur?
机构信息
Human Motor Control Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, Center for Brains, Minds, and Machines, Cambridge, MA, USA.
出版信息
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2023 Aug;151:105199. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105199. Epub 2023 Apr 27.
In 1983 Benjamin Libet and colleagues published a paper apparently challenging the view that the conscious intention to move precedes the brain's preparation for movement. The experiment initiated debates about the nature of intention, the neurophysiology of movement, and philosophical and legal understanding of free will and moral responsibility. Here we review the concept of "conscious intention" and attempts to measure its timing. Scalp electroencephalographic activity prior to movement, the Bereitschaftspotential, clearly begins prior to the reported onset of conscious intent. However, the interpretation of this finding remains controversial. Numerous studies show that the Libet method for determining intent, W time, is not accurate and may be misleading. We conclude that intention has many different aspects, and although we now understand much more about how the brain makes movements, identifying the time of conscious intention is still elusive.
1983 年，本杰明·利贝特（Benjamin Libet）及其同事发表了一篇论文，似乎对有意识的运动意图先于大脑准备运动的观点提出了挑战。该实验引发了关于意图本质、运动神经生理学以及对自由意志和道德责任的哲学和法律理解的争论。在这里，我们回顾了“有意识的意图”的概念，并尝试衡量其时间。在运动之前，头皮脑电图活动，即准备电位，显然先于报告的有意识意图的开始。然而，对这一发现的解释仍然存在争议。许多研究表明，用于确定意图的利贝特方法，即 W 时间，并不准确，可能会产生误导。我们的结论是，意图有许多不同的方面，尽管我们现在对大脑如何运动有了更多的了解，但确定有意识意图的时间仍然难以捉摸。
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