Ariful Islam Md, Selvanathan Vidhya, Chelvanathan Puvaneswaran, Mottakin M, Aminuzzaman Mohammod, Adib Ibrahim Mohd, Muhammad Ghulam, Akhtaruzzaman Md
Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) 43600 Bangi Selangor Malaysia
Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University) Jalan Ikram-Uniten Kajang 43000 Selangor Malaysia.
RSC Adv. 2023 Apr 27;13(19):12781-12791. doi: 10.1039/d3ra02181e. eCollection 2023 Apr 24.
NiO as a hole transport layer (HTL) has gained a lot of research interest in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), owing to its high optical transmittance, high power conversion efficiency, wide band-gap and ease of fabrication. In this work, four different nickel based-metal organic frameworks (MOFs) using 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (BTC), terephthalic acid (TPA), 2-aminoterephthalic acid (ATPA), and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DHTPA) ligands respectively, have been employed as precursors to synthesize NiO NPs. The employment of different ligands was found to result in NiO NPs with different structural, optical and morphological properties. The impact of calcination temperatures of the MOFs was also studied and according to field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), all MOF-derived NiO NPs exhibited lower particle size at lower calcination temperature. Upon optimization, Ni-TPA MOF derived NiO NPs calcined at 600 °C were identified to be the best for hole transport layer application. To explore the photovoltaic performance, these NiO NPs have been fabricated as a thin film and its structural, optical and electrical characteristics were analyzed. According to the findings, the band energy gap ( ) of the fabricated thin film has been found to be 3.25 eV and the carrier concentration, hole mobility and resistivity were also measured to be 6.8 × 10 cm; 4.7 × 10 Ω cm and 2.0 cm V s, respectively. Finally, a numerical simulation was conducted using SCAPS-1D incorporating the optical and electrical parameters from the thin film analysis. FTO/TiO/CsPbBr/NiO /C has been utilized as the device configuration which recorded an efficiency of 13.9% with of 1.89 V, of 11.07 mA cm, and FF of 66.6%.
氧化镍作为空穴传输层（HTL），因其高光学透过率、高功率转换效率、宽带隙和易于制备等优点，在钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）领域引起了广泛的研究兴趣。在本工作中，分别使用1,3,5-苯三甲酸（BTC）、对苯二甲酸（TPA）、2-氨基对苯二甲酸（ATPA）和2,5-二羟基对苯二甲酸（DHTPA）配体的四种不同的镍基金属有机框架（MOF）被用作前驱体来合成氧化镍纳米颗粒。研究发现，使用不同的配体会导致氧化镍纳米颗粒具有不同的结构、光学和形态特性。还研究了MOF煅烧温度的影响，根据场发射扫描电子显微镜（FESEM），所有MOF衍生的氧化镍纳米颗粒在较低煅烧温度下均表现出较小的粒径。经过优化，在600℃煅烧的Ni-TPA MOF衍生的氧化镍纳米颗粒被确定为最适合空穴传输层应用。为了探索光伏性能，这些氧化镍纳米颗粒被制成薄膜，并对其结构、光学和电学特性进行了分析。根据研究结果，所制备薄膜的带隙能量（ ）为3.25 eV，载流子浓度、空穴迁移率和电阻率分别测量为6.8×10 cm；4.7×10 Ω cm和2.0 cm V s。最后，使用SCAPS-1D进行了数值模拟，纳入了薄膜分析中的光学和电学参数。FTO/TiO/CsPbBr/氧化镍 /C被用作器件结构，其记录的效率为13.9%，开路电压为1.89 V，短路电流密度为11.07 mA cm，填充因子为66.6%。
