Olenick Alyssa A, Pearson Regis C, Jenkins Nathan T
Department of Kinesiology, University of Georgia, 330 River Rd. Athens GA 30602.
Int J Exerc Sci. 2023 Mar 1;16(2):377-392. doi: 10.70252/HEFM7571. eCollection 2023.
This study investigated the effects of a novel high-protein diet template on postprandial metabolism and body composition (e.g., waist and hip circumference, body fat (%), fat mass, fat-free mass) in recreationally resistance-trained females. Fifteen females adhered to an eight-week high-protein dietary intervention (~1.5-1.6 g·kg·day) administered via template format. Pre- and post-intervention visits included anthropometrics, measurement of body composition, and an acute high-fat meal challenge. The high-fat meal challenge (61% fat) consisted of fasting postprandial blood glucose, resting metabolic rate (RMR), fat and carbohydrate oxidation assessed at 60-, 120-, and 180-minutes. Participants were split into high (HTF; 5-6 days·week of resistance training; = 8) and low-training frequency (LTF; 2-3 days·week of resistance training; = 7) groups. All metabolism data were assessed as absolute (kcal or g) and relative (kcal or g·kg·FFM·minutes) to fat-free mass. Post-intervention, there was a significant reduction in HTF waist circumference ( 0.044), LTF body fat % ( 0.012), and LTF fat mass ( 0.014). Post-intervention, HTF females had significantly lower absolute RMR area under the curve (AUC) than LTF females ( 0.036). LTF females had higher absolute fat oxidation AUC compared to HTF females' pre-intervention ( 0.048) but a significant decrease in absolute ( 0.050) and relative ( 0.050) fat oxidation AUC post-intervention. LTF females had a significant increase in absolute ( 0.032) and relative ( 0.029) carbohydrate oxidation AUC pre- to post-intervention ( 0.032). For blood glucose, no significant differences between groups were detected ( > 0.05). These findings suggest that a novel high-protein diet template elicits a metabolic shift favoring carbohydrate oxidation in females engaging in low-frequency resistance training but did not alter fat and carbohydrate metabolism in females engaging in HTF resistance training.
本研究调查了一种新型高蛋白饮食模板对进行休闲抗阻训练的女性餐后代谢和身体成分（如腰围、臀围、体脂率（%）、脂肪量、去脂体重）的影响。15名女性遵循了为期八周的高蛋白饮食干预（约1.5 - 1.6克·千克·天），该干预通过模板形式进行。干预前后的访视包括人体测量、身体成分测量以及一次急性高脂餐挑战。高脂餐挑战（脂肪含量61%）包括在餐后60分钟、120分钟和180分钟时测量空腹餐后血糖、静息代谢率（RMR）、脂肪和碳水化合物氧化情况。参与者被分为高训练频率组（HTF；每周进行5 - 6天抗阻训练；n = 8）和低训练频率组（LTF；每周进行2 - 3天抗阻训练；n = 7）。所有代谢数据均以相对于去脂体重的绝对值（千卡或克）和相对值（千卡或克·千克·去脂体重·分钟）进行评估。干预后，HTF组的腰围显著减小（P = 0.044），LTF组的体脂率（P = 0.012）和脂肪量（P = 0.014）显著降低。干预后，HTF组女性的静息代谢率曲线下面积（AUC）绝对值显著低于LTF组女性（P = 0.036）。与HTF组女性干预前相比，LTF组女性的脂肪氧化AUC绝对值更高（P = 0.048），但干预后脂肪氧化AUC绝对值（P = 0.050）和相对值（P = 0.050）均显著降低。干预前后，LTF组女性的碳水化合物氧化AUC绝对值（P = 0.032）和相对值（P = 0.029）显著增加。对于血糖，各组之间未检测到显著差异（P > 0.05）。这些发现表明，一种新型高蛋白饮食模板会引起代谢转变，有利于进行低频率抗阻训练的女性的碳水化合物氧化，但不会改变进行高训练频率抗阻训练的女性的脂肪和碳水化合物代谢。
