Campbell Bill I, Aguilar Danielle, Colenso-Semple Lauren M, Hartke Kevin, Fleming Abby R, Fox Carl D, Longstrom Jaymes M, Rogers Gavin E, Mathas David B, Wong Vickie, Ford Sarah, Gorman John
Exercise Science Program, University of South Florida, Performance and Physique Enhancement Laboratory, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
Team Gorman LLC, Republic, MO 65738, USA.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2020 Mar 8;5(1):19. doi: 10.3390/jfmk5010019.
There is a lack of research into how lean, resistance trained (RT) individuals respond to intermittent energy restricted diets. Therefore, we investigated body composition changes in RT-individuals during continuous energy restriction or intermittent restriction. A total of 27 males and females (25 ± 6.1 years; 169 ± 9.4 cm; 80 ± 15.6 kg) were randomized to a ~25% caloric restricted diet Refeed (RF; = 13) or Continuous group (CN; = 14) in conjunction with 4-days/week resistance training for 7-weeks. RF implemented two consecutive days of elevated carbohydrate (CHO) intake, followed by 5-days of caloric restriction each week. CN adhered to a continuous 7-week caloric restriction. Body mass (BM), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), dry fat-free mass (dFFM), and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were assessed pre/post-diet. Both groups significantly reduced BM (RF: baseline = 76.4 ± 15.6 kg, post-diet = 73.2 ± 13.8 kg, Δ3.2 kg; CN: baseline = 83.1 ± 15.4 kg, post-diet = 79.5 ± 15 kg, Δ3.6 kg) and FM (RF: baseline = 16.3 ± 4 kg, post-diet = 13.5 ± 3.6 kg, Δ2.8 kg; CN: baseline = 16.7 ± 4.5 kg, post-diet = 14.4 ± 4.9 kg, Δ2.3 kg) with no differences between groups. FFM (RF: baseline = 60.1 ± 13.8 kg, post-diet = 59.7 ± 13.0 kg, 0.4 kg; CN: baseline = 66.4 ± 15.2 kg, post-diet = 65.1 ± 15.2 kg, Δ1.3 kg = 0.006), dFFM (RF: baseline = 18.7 ± 5.0 kg, post-diet = 18.5 ± 4.5 kg, Δ0.2 kg; CN: baseline =21.9 ± 5.7 kg, post-diet = 20.0 ± 5.7 kg, Δ1.9 kg), and RMR (RF: baseline = 1703 ± 294, post-diet = 1665 ± 270, Δ38 kcals; CN: baseline = 1867 ± 342, post-diet = 1789 ± 409, Δ78 kcals) were better maintained in the RF group. A 2-day carbohydrate refeed preserves FFM, dryFFM, and RMR during energy restriction compared to continuous energy restriction in RT-individuals.
对于瘦的、进行抗阻训练（RT）的个体如何对间歇性能量限制饮食做出反应，目前缺乏相关研究。因此，我们调查了RT个体在持续能量限制或间歇性限制期间的身体成分变化。总共27名男性和女性（年龄25±6.1岁；身高169±9.4厘米；体重80±15.6千克）被随机分为再喂养组（RF；n=13）或连续组（CN；n=14），两组均进行每周4天的抗阻训练，持续7周，其中RF组采用约25%热量限制饮食，CN组采用连续7周的热量限制饮食。RF组每周连续两天提高碳水化合物（CHO）摄入量，随后5天进行热量限制。CN组坚持连续7周的热量限制。在饮食前后评估体重（BM）、脂肪量（FM）、去脂体重（FFM）、瘦去脂体重（dFFM）和静息代谢率（RMR）。两组的BM（RF组：基线=76.4±15.6千克，饮食后=73.2±13.8千克，变化量3.2千克；CN组：基线=83.1±15.4千克，饮食后=79.5±15千克，变化量3.6千克）和FM（RF组：基线=16.3±4千克，饮食后=13.5±3.6千克，变化量2.8千克；CN组：基线=16.7±4.5千克，饮食后=14.4±4.9千克，变化量2.3千克）均显著降低，且两组间无差异。RF组的FFM（基线=60.1±13.8千克，饮食后=59.7±13.0千克，变化量0.4千克；CN组：基线=66.4±15.2千克，饮食后=65.1±15.2千克，变化量1.3千克，P=0.006）、dFFM（RF组：基线=18.7±5.0千克，饮食后=18.5±4.5千克，变化量0.2千克；CN组：基线=21.9±5.7千克，饮食后=20.0±5.7千克，变化量1.9千克）和RMR（RF组：基线=1703±294，饮食后=1665±270，变化量38千卡；CN组：基线=1867±342，饮食后=1789±409，变化量78千卡）得到了更好的维持。与RT个体的持续能量限制相比，2天的碳水化合物再喂养在能量限制期间能更好地维持FFM、瘦去脂体重和RMR。
