Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, Haidian District, China.
Department of Daxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, Daxing District, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Apr 12;11:1055209. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1055209. eCollection 2023.
Depression is a prevalent mental disorder that has an irreversible impact on people's health status. Unhealthy lifestyles are modifiable and influence mental health significantly. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of different unhealthy lifestyles and their patterns on depressive symptoms.
The data for this study were obtained from the 2017 Community Diagnostic survey in Daxing District, Beijing. It was a cross-sectional study that included 6,252 samples. The Patient Health Questionnaire version 9 was used to measure depressive symptoms, and the self-administered questionaires were used to investigate five unhealthy lifestyles, including sleep deprivation, the inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables, physical inactivity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption. Respondents were assigned 1 point for each of their unhealthy lifestyles, and their overall unhealthy lifestyle scores were calculated. The total scores of unhealthy lifestyles ranged from 0 to 5. Descriptive analyses and Firth's logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationship between unhealthy lifestyle and depression symptoms.
It was found that 12.1% of the participants had depressive symptoms. The respondents whose unhealthy lifestyle scores were 2 (OR1.45, 95%CI:1.01 to 2.12), 3 (OR2.29, 95%CI:1.57 to 3.42), 4 (OR 3.04, 95%CI:1.96 to 4.76), or 5 (OR4.08, 95%CI:2.09 to 7.78) were more likely to experience depressive symptoms in comparison with those whose unhealthy lifestyle scores were 0, and the OR increased with the unhealthy lifestyle scores. When the participants had 3 or more unhealthy lifestyles at the same time, different combination patterns of unhealthy lifestyles showed a different effect on depression. The OR was 3.01 (95%CI:1.45 to 5.95) for the combination of sleep deprivation-insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables-excessive alcohol consumption, and was 2.89 (95%CI:1.52 to 5.25) for the combination of sleep deprivation-insufficient intake of fruit and vegetables-physical inactivity-excessive alcohol consumption.
The co-existence of multiple unhealthy behavioral lifestyles are associated with depressive symptoms. Among the five unhealthy lifestyles, sleep deprivation and the inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables may have a greater impact on depression.
抑郁症是一种普遍存在的精神障碍，对人们的健康状况有不可逆转的影响。不健康的生活方式是可以改变的，并且对心理健康有重大影响。本研究的目的是探讨不同的不健康生活方式及其模式对抑郁症状的影响。
本研究的数据来自于北京市大兴区 2017 年社区诊断调查。这是一项横断面研究，共纳入了 6252 个样本。使用患者健康问卷第 9 版来衡量抑郁症状，通过自填式问卷来调查五种不健康的生活方式，包括睡眠不足、蔬果摄入不足、身体活动不足、吸烟和过量饮酒。受访者每有一种不健康的生活方式得 1 分，计算他们的整体不健康生活方式评分。不健康生活方式总分为 0-5 分。采用描述性分析和 Firth 逻辑回归模型来分析不健康生活方式与抑郁症状之间的关系。
研究发现，12.1%的参与者存在抑郁症状。与不健康生活方式得分为 0 的受访者相比，不健康生活方式得分为 2（OR1.45，95%CI：1.01 至 2.12）、3（OR2.29，95%CI：1.57 至 3.42）、4（OR 3.04，95%CI：1.96 至 4.76）或 5（OR4.08，95%CI：2.09 至 7.78）的受访者更有可能出现抑郁症状，且 OR 随不健康生活方式评分的增加而增加。当参与者同时存在 3 种或更多不健康生活方式时，不同的不健康生活方式组合模式对抑郁的影响也不同。睡眠不足-蔬果摄入不足-过量饮酒的组合 OR 为 3.01（95%CI：1.45 至 5.95），睡眠不足-蔬果摄入不足-身体活动不足-过量饮酒的组合 OR 为 2.89（95%CI：1.52 至 5.25）。
多种不健康行为生活方式的共存与抑郁症状有关。在五种不健康生活方式中，睡眠不足和蔬果摄入不足可能对抑郁的影响更大。
