Sajjanar Basavaraj, Aalam Mohd Tanzeel, Khan Owais, Tanuj Gunturu Narasimha, Sahoo Aditya Prasad, Manjunathareddy Gundallahalli B, Gandham Ravi Kumar, Dhara Sujoy K, Gupta Praveen K, Mishra Bishnu Prasad, Dutt Triveni, Singh Gyanendra
Veterinary Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
ICAR- Directorate of Foot and Mouth Disease, Bhubaneswar, 752050, Odisha, India.
Genes Environ. 2023 May 1;45(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s41021-023-00271-8.
Environmental heat stress in dairy cattle leads to poor health, reduced milk production and decreased reproductive efficiency. Multiple genes interact and coordinate the response to overcome the impact of heat stress. The present study identified heat shock regulated genes in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Genome-wide expression patterns for cellular stress response were compared between two genetically distinct groups of cattle viz., Hariana (B. indicus) and Vrindavani (B. indicus X B. taurus). In addition to major heat shock response genes, oxidative stress and immune response genes were also found to be affected by heat stress. Heat shock proteins such as HSPH1, HSPB8, FKB4, DNAJ4 and SERPINH1 were up-regulated at higher fold change in Vrindavani compared to Hariana cattle. The oxidative stress response genes (HMOX1, BNIP3, RHOB and VEGFA) and immune response genes (FSOB, GADD45B and JUN) were up-regulated in Vrindavani whereas the same were down-regulated in Hariana cattle. The enrichment analysis of dysregulated genes revealed the biological functions and signaling pathways that were affected by heat stress. Overall, these results show distinct cellular responses to heat stress in two different genetic groups of cattle. This also highlight the long-term adaptation of B. indicus (Hariana) to tropical climate as compared to the crossbred (Vrindavani) with mixed genetic makeup (B. indicus X B. taurus).
奶牛的环境热应激会导致健康状况不佳、产奶量降低和繁殖效率下降。多个基因相互作用并协调反应以克服热应激的影响。本研究鉴定了外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中的热休克调节基因。比较了两个遗传背景不同的牛群，即哈里亚纳牛（印度瘤牛）和弗林达瓦尼牛（印度瘤牛×欧洲牛）之间细胞应激反应的全基因组表达模式。除了主要的热休克反应基因外，氧化应激和免疫反应基因也被发现受热应激影响。与哈里亚纳牛相比，弗林达瓦尼牛中的热休克蛋白如HSPH1、HSPB8、FKB4、DNAJ4和SERPINH1上调倍数更高。氧化应激反应基因（HMOX1、BNIP3、RHOB和VEGFA）和免疫反应基因（FSOB、GADD45B和JUN）在弗林达瓦尼牛中上调，而在哈里亚纳牛中则下调。对失调基因的富集分析揭示了受热应激影响的生物学功能和信号通路。总体而言，这些结果显示了两个不同遗传群体的牛对热应激的不同细胞反应。这也突出了印度瘤牛（哈里亚纳牛）与具有混合基因组成（印度瘤牛×欧洲牛）的杂交牛（弗林达瓦尼牛）相比，对热带气候的长期适应性。
