Zhang Kuan, Tang Chao-Sheng, Jiang Ning-Jun, Pan Xiao-Hua, Liu Bo, Wang Yi-Jie, Shi Bin
School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023 China.
Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189 China.
Environ Earth Sci. 2023;82(9):229. doi: 10.1007/s12665-023-10899-y. Epub 2023 Apr 26.
The microbial‑induced carbonate precipitation (MICP), as an emerging biomineralization technology mediated by specific bacteria, has been a popular research focus for scientists and engineers through the previous two decades as an interdisciplinary approach. It provides cutting-edge solutions for various engineering problems emerging in the context of frequent and intense human activities. This paper is aimed at reviewing the fundaments and engineering applications of the MICP technology through existing studies, covering realistic need in geotechnical engineering, construction materials, hydraulic engineering, geological engineering, and environmental engineering. It adds a new perspective on the feasibility and difficulty for field practice. Analysis and discussion within different parts are generally carried out based on specific considerations in each field. MICP may bring comprehensive improvement of static and dynamic characteristics of geomaterials, thus enhancing their bearing capacity and resisting liquefication. It helps produce eco-friendly and durable building materials. MICP is a promising and cost-efficient technology in preserving water resources and subsurface fluid leakage. Piping, internal erosion and surface erosion could also be addressed by this technology. MICP has been proved suitable for stabilizing soils and shows promise in dealing with problematic soils like bentonite and expansive soils. It is also envisaged that this technology may be used to mitigate against impacts of geological hazards such as liquefaction associated with earthquakes. Moreover, global environment issues including fugitive dust, contaminated soil and climate change problems are assumed to be palliated or even removed via the positive effects of this technology. Bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and enzymatic approach are three feasible paths for MICP. Decision makers should choose a compatible, efficient and economical way among them and develop an on-site solution based on engineering conditions. To further decrease the cost and energy consumption of the MICP technology, it is reasonable to make full use of industrial by-products or wastes and non-sterilized media. The prospective direction of this technology is to make construction more intelligent without human intervention, such as autogenous healing. To reach this destination, MICP could be coupled with other techniques like encapsulation and ductile fibers. MICP is undoubtfully a mainstream engineering technology for the future, while ecological balance, environmental impact and industrial applicability should still be cautiously treated in its real practice.
微生物诱导碳酸盐沉淀（MICP）作为一种由特定细菌介导的新兴生物矿化技术，在过去二十年中一直是科学家和工程师们关注的热门研究焦点，是一种跨学科方法。它为人类活动频繁且剧烈背景下出现的各种工程问题提供了前沿解决方案。本文旨在通过现有研究回顾MICP技术的基础和工程应用，涵盖岩土工程、建筑材料、水利工程、地质工程和环境工程等方面的实际需求。它为现场实践的可行性和难度提供了新的视角。不同部分的分析和讨论通常基于每个领域的具体考虑进行。MICP可以全面改善岩土材料的静态和动态特性，从而提高其承载能力并抵抗液化。它有助于生产环保且耐用的建筑材料。MICP在保护水资源和地下流体渗漏方面是一种有前景且经济高效的技术。该技术还可以解决管涌、内部侵蚀和表面侵蚀问题。MICP已被证明适用于稳定土壤，并在处理诸如膨润土和膨胀土等问题土壤方面显示出前景。还设想该技术可用于减轻地质灾害的影响，如与地震相关的液化。此外，包括扬尘、污染土壤和气候变化问题在内的全球环境问题被认为可以通过该技术的积极作用得到缓解甚至消除。生物强化、生物刺激和酶促方法是MICP的三种可行途径。决策者应在其中选择一种兼容、高效且经济的方法，并根据工程条件制定现场解决方案。为了进一步降低MICP技术的成本和能耗，充分利用工业副产品或废物以及未灭菌介质是合理的。该技术的未来发展方向是使建筑在无人干预的情况下更加智能化，如自动修复。为了实现这一目标，MICP可以与其他技术如封装和韧性纤维相结合。MICP无疑是未来的主流工程技术，但其在实际应用中仍应谨慎对待生态平衡、环境影响和工业适用性。
