García-Meléndez David Dylan, Morales-Casado María Isabel, Quintana Castro Pilar, Marsal Alonso Carlos
Hospital Universitario de Toledo, Av. Río Guadiana, 45007 Toledo, Spain.
Med Clin (Engl Ed). 2023 Apr 21;160(8):347-351. doi: 10.1016/j.medcle.2022.11.016. Epub 2023 Apr 27.
Post-COVID olfactory dysfunction continues to be studied due to the controversy of the mechanisms involved. The aim was to investigate the olfactory dysfunctions in association with other post-COVID symptoms.
Observational, descriptive and single-center study. The patients had confirmed mild COVID-19 and subjective olfactory dysfunction of more than a month of evolution, which was assessed by Sniffin' Sticks Olfactory Test.
A total of 86 patients participated. The mean age was 37.2 years (SD 9.82). 70.9% reported parosmia and 46.5% symptoms of brain fog. A pathological test result was obtained in 72.1% of the participants. The most failed pen was 11 (apple) in 76.7%. Anosmia of pen 15 (anise) was reported more frequently in 24.4% and cacosmia of pen 9 (garlic) in 27.9%. We observed a significant association between patients who reported parosmias and brain fog (RR 2.18; = 0.018), also between parosmia and phantosmia (RR 6.042; < 0.001).
There is some pathological selectivity for certain test pens, a higher prevalence of cognitive symptoms and many patients with combined parosmia and brain fog.
由于新冠后嗅觉功能障碍所涉及机制存在争议，因此仍在对其进行研究。目的是调查与新冠后其他症状相关的嗅觉功能障碍。
观察性、描述性单中心研究。患者确诊为轻度新冠，且主观嗅觉功能障碍持续超过一个月，通过嗅棒嗅觉测试进行评估。
共有86名患者参与。平均年龄为37.2岁（标准差9.82）。70.9%的患者报告有嗅觉倒错，46.5%的患者有脑雾症状。72.1%的参与者获得了病理测试结果。最常闻错的笔是11号（苹果味），76.7%的患者闻错。15号笔（茴芹味）嗅觉丧失在24.4%的患者中更常见，9号笔（大蒜味）嗅觉异常在27.9%的患者中更常见。我们观察到报告有嗅觉倒错和脑雾的患者之间存在显著关联（相对危险度2.18；P = 0.018），嗅觉倒错和嗅觉幻觉之间也存在显著关联（相对危险度6.042；P < 0.001）。
对于某些测试笔存在一定的病理选择性，认知症状患病率较高，且许多患者同时存在嗅觉倒错和脑雾。
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