在运行中的海上风电场内，软泥底栖动物迎来了变革之风。
A wind of change for soft-sediment infauna within operational offshore windfarms.
机构信息
Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8 9000, Gent, Belgium.
Marine Biology Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8 9000, Gent, Belgium; Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Operational Directorate Natural Environment, Vautierstraat 29, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
出版信息
Mar Environ Res. 2023 Jun;188:106009. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106009. Epub 2023 Apr 28.
In this study, "artificial reef" (AR) impacts of offshore windfarms (OWFs) on the surrounding soft-sediments were investigated. Benthic grab samples were collected at nearby (37.5 m) and distant (500 or 350 m) positions from turbines of two Belgian OWFs (Belwind: monopiles and C-Power: jackets). Higher macrobenthos abundance and species richness were found nearby jacket foundations of C-Power compared to distant positions and differences were most pronounced within deeper sediments (i.e., gullies between sandbanks) at intermediate levels of fine sand fractions (10-20%) and total organic matter (0.5-0.9%). Strong benthic enrichment (>1000 ind. m, >20 spp. sample) was also linked with higher fine sand fractions (>20%) near the jackets. Moreover, nearby sediments showed higher occurrences of coastal species and habitat diversification was promoted by Mytilus edulis shell debris and alive organisms ("biofouling drop-offs"). The lack of similar results around monopiles (Belwind) confirms that the extent of detectable AR-effects depends on site- and turbine specific factors.
本研究调查了海上风电场（OWFs）的“人工鱼礁”（AR）对周围软底沉积物的影响。在两个比利时 OWFs（Belwind：单桩和 C-Power：导管架）的涡轮机附近（37.5 m）和远处（500 或 350 m）采集了底栖抓斗样本。与远处位置相比，C-Power 导管架基础附近的大型底栖动物丰度和物种丰富度更高，差异在较深沉积物（即沙洲之间的沟壑）中最为明显，其中细砂分数（10-20%）和总有机物质（0.5-0.9%）处于中等水平。在导管架附近，高浓度的底栖生物富集（>1000 个个体 m，>20 种样本）也与较高的细砂分数（>20%）有关。此外，附近的沉积物中出现了更多的沿海物种，并且贻贝壳碎片和活体生物（“生物污垢”）促进了栖息地多样化。在单桩（Belwind）周围没有类似的结果，这证实了可检测的 AR 效应的程度取决于站点和涡轮机的具体因素。
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