School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Public Health, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
BMC Pediatr. 2023 May 3;23(1):209. doi: 10.1186/s12887-023-04031-z.
Childhood anemia is an important public health problem in Ethiopia. The northeast part of the country is among the areas affected by recurrent drought. Despite its significance, studies are scarce on childhood anemia particularly, in the study area. This study aimed to assess the proportion and factors associated with anemia among under-five children in Kombolcha town.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 409 systematically selected 6 to 59 months aged children visited health institutions in Kombolcha town. Data were collected using structured questionnaires from mothers/caretakers. The data entry and analysis were done using EpiData version 3.1 and SPSS version 26 respectively. Binary logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with anemia. Statistical significance was declared at p-value ≤ 0.05. The effect size was reported using the adjusted odds ratio with its 95% confidence interval.
Of the participants, 213(53.9%) were males with a mean age of 26 months (SD ± 15.2). The proportion of anemia was 52.2% (95% CI, 46.8-57%). Being in the age of 6-11 months (AOR = 6.23, 95% CI: 2.44, 15.95), 12-23 months (AOR = 3.74, 95%CI: 1.63, 8.60), having low dietary diversity score (AOR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.55, 4.38), having a history of diarrhea (AOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.12, 3.12) and having the lowest family monthly income (AOR = 16.97, 95% CI: 4.95, 58.20) were positively associated with anemia. Whereas, maternal age ≥ 30 years (AOR = 0.37 (0.18, 0.77) and exclusive breastfeeding until six months (AOR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.45) were negatively associated with anemia.
Childhood anemia was a public health problem in the study area. Child age, maternal age, exclusive breastfeeding, dietary diversity score, diarrhea, and family income were significantly associated with anemia.
儿童贫血是埃塞俄比亚的一个重要公共卫生问题。该国东北部是受周期性干旱影响的地区之一。尽管贫血问题意义重大，但在研究区域，特别是在儿童贫血方面的研究却很少。本研究旨在评估科姆博尔查镇 6-59 个月龄儿童的贫血患病率及相关因素。
本项基于机构的横断面研究纳入了 409 名在科姆博尔查镇医疗机构就诊的、年龄为 6-59 月龄的儿童。研究数据由母亲/照顾者通过结构化问卷收集。数据录入和分析分别使用 EpiData 版本 3.1 和 SPSS 版本 26 进行。采用二元逻辑回归分析确定与贫血相关的因素。以 p 值≤0.05 为统计学显著性标准。使用调整后的优势比及其 95%置信区间来报告效应大小。
在参与者中，213 名（53.9%）为男性，平均年龄为 26 个月（标准差±15.2）。贫血患病率为 52.2%（95%CI，46.8-57%）。6-11 月龄（优势比（AOR）=6.23，95%置信区间（CI）：2.44，15.95）、12-23 月龄（AOR=3.74，95%CI：1.63，8.60）、饮食多样性得分低（AOR=2.61，95%CI：1.55，4.38）、有腹泻史（AOR=1.87，95%CI：1.12，3.12）和家庭月收入最低（AOR=16.97，95%CI：4.95，58.20）与贫血呈正相关。而母亲年龄≥30 岁（AOR=0.37（0.18，0.77））和纯母乳喂养至 6 个月（AOR=0.27，95%CI：0.16，0.45）与贫血呈负相关。
在研究区域，儿童贫血是一个公共卫生问题。儿童年龄、母亲年龄、纯母乳喂养、饮食多样性评分、腹泻和家庭收入与贫血显著相关。
