Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Diakonessenhuis Utrecht, Bosboomstraat 1, 3582 KE, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Virol J. 2023 May 3;20(1):85. doi: 10.1186/s12985-023-02050-x.
Infection with the novel pandemic SARS-CoV-2 virus has been shown to elicit a cross-reactive immune response that could lead to a back-boost of memory recall to previously encountered seasonal (endemic) coronaviruses (eCoVs). Whether this response is associated with a fatal clinical outcome in patients with severe COVID-19 remains unclear. In a cohort of hospitalized patients, we have previously shown that heterologous immune responses to eCoVs can be detected in severe COVID-19. Here, we report that COVID-19 patients with fatal disease have decreased SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody titers at hospital admission, which correlated with lower SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG and was paralleled by a relative abundance of IgG against spike protein of eCoVs of the genus Betacoronavirus. Additional research is needed to assess if eCoV-specific back-boosted IgG is a bystander phenomenon in severe COVID-19, or a factor that influences the development of an efficient anti-viral immune response.
新型 SARS-CoV-2 病毒感染已被证明会引起交叉反应性免疫应答，从而导致对先前遇到的季节性（地方性）冠状病毒（eCoVs）的记忆回忆增强。这种反应是否与重症 COVID-19 患者的致命临床结局有关尚不清楚。在一组住院患者中，我们之前已经表明，严重 COVID-19 患者可检测到针对 eCoVs 的异源免疫反应。在这里，我们报告称，患有致命疾病的 COVID-19 患者在入院时 SARS-CoV-2 中和抗体滴度降低，这与 SARS-CoV-2 刺突特异性 IgG 降低相关，并且与β属冠状病毒的 eCoV 的刺突蛋白的 IgG 相对丰度平行。需要进一步研究来评估 eCoV 特异性增强的 IgG 是否是重症 COVID-19 中的旁观者现象，还是影响有效抗病毒免疫反应发展的因素。
