Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
J Genet Couns. 2023 Oct;32(5):1018-1031. doi: 10.1002/jgc4.1709. Epub 2023 May 3.
Fieldwork supervision is the "signature pedagogy" for training genetic counseling students, ensuring that students have the experience necessary to become minimally competent genetic counselors. According to the National Society of Genetic Counselors 2022 Professional Status Survey, roughly 40% of genetic counselors serve as supervisors for genetic counseling graduate students. Despite fieldwork supervision being essential for training, there are currently no validated supervision skill assessment tools for genetic counseling fieldwork supervisors to use for professional development. While a self-efficacy scale for genetic counselors currently exists, a comprehensive self-efficacy scale for genetic counseling supervision skills does not. The purpose of the study was to develop and validate a genetic counseling supervisory self-efficacy scale (GCSSES). This study was comparative, quantitative, and cross-sectional, with data collected via an online questionnaire which assessed supervision self-efficacy (95 items), derived from 154 published GC supervision competencies, demographics (5), experience (9), and supervisory development (18), using the Psychotherapy Supervisory Development Scale (PSDS). A total of 119 board-certified genetic counselors completed the survey. Factor analysis eliminated 40 items due to insufficient factor loading, and item-item correlation eliminated one item with elevated inter-item correlation, leaving 54 items on the finalized GCSSES. Exploratory factor analysis derived four GCSSES factors, which accounted for 65% of the variance in the scale: (a) Goal Setting, Feedback, and Evaluation; (b) Complex Aspects of Supervision; (c) Conflict Resolution; and (d) Working Alliance. Preliminary analyses show the GCSSES has high reliability and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.99). Positive correlations between experience variables and supervisory self-efficacy were identified. A 54 item GCSSES was developed by this study. The GCSSES may serve as a tool for genetic counseling supervisors and graduate programs to assess skills, monitor professional development, and target training. A genetic counseling supervisory self-efficacy scale can also be used in future studies regarding training of genetic counseling supervisors.
实地监督是培训遗传咨询师的“标志性教学法”，确保学生具备成为基本合格遗传咨询师所需的经验。根据 2022 年全国遗传咨询师协会专业状况调查，大约 40%的遗传咨询师担任遗传咨询研究生的导师。尽管实地监督对于培训至关重要，但目前还没有经过验证的遗传咨询实地监督技能评估工具供遗传咨询实地监督使用，以促进专业发展。虽然目前有遗传咨询师的自我效能量表，但没有全面的遗传咨询监督技能自我效能量表。本研究的目的是开发和验证遗传咨询监督自我效能量表（GCSSES）。本研究采用比较、定量和横断面研究方法，通过在线问卷收集数据，评估监督自我效能（95 项），源自 154 项已发表的 GC 监督能力、人口统计学（5 项）、经验（9 项）和监督发展（18 项），使用心理治疗监督发展量表（PSDS）。共有 119 名经董事会认证的遗传咨询师完成了调查。由于因子负荷不足，因子分析排除了 40 个项目，由于项目间相关性较高，项目分析排除了一个项目，最终留下了 54 个项目。探索性因素分析得出了 GCSSES 的四个因素，占量表方差的 65%：（a）目标设定、反馈和评估；（b）监督的复杂方面；（c）冲突解决；（d）工作联盟。初步分析表明，GCSSES 具有较高的可靠性和内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha=0.99）。经验变量与监督自我效能之间存在正相关。本研究开发了一个 54 项的 GCSSES。GCSSES 可作为遗传咨询导师和研究生课程评估技能、监测专业发展和确定培训目标的工具。遗传咨询监督自我效能量表也可用于未来关于遗传咨询导师培训的研究。
