Calikyan Anoush, Silverberg Jillian, McLeod Katherine M
Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, USA.
University of Connecticut Health Sciences Library, Farmington, CT, USA.
J Osteoporos. 2023 Apr 24;2023:1277319. doi: 10.1155/2023/1277319. eCollection 2023.
Osteoporosis is a preventable disease that is simple and cost-effective to screen based on clinical practice guidelines, yet many patients go undiagnosed and untreated leading to increased burden of the disease. Specifically, racial and ethnic minorities have lower rates of dual energy absorptiometry (DXA) screening. Inadequate screening may lead to an increased risk of fracture, higher health care costs, and increased morbidity and mortality disproportionately experienced by racial-ethnic minority populations.
This systematic review assessed and summarized the racial and ethnic disparities that exist for osteoporosis screening by DXA.
Using terms related to osteoporosis, racial and ethnic minorities, and DXA, an electronic search of databases was performed in SCOPUS, CINAHL, and PubMed. Articles were screened using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria which dictated the final articles used in the review. Full text articles that were selected for inclusion underwent quality appraisal and data extraction. Once extracted, data from the articles were combined at an aggregate level.
The search identified 412 articles. After screening, a total of 16 studies were included in the final review. The overall quality of the studies included was high. Of the 16 articles reviewed, 14 identified significant disparities between racial minority and majority groups and determined that the eligible patients in racial minority groups were less likely to be referred to DXA screening.
There is a significant disparity in osteoporosis screening among racial and ethnic minorities. Future efforts should focus on addressing these inconsistencies in screening and removing bias from the healthcare system. Additional research is required to determine the consequence of this discrepancy in screening and methods of equitizing osteoporosis care.
骨质疏松症是一种可预防的疾病，根据临床实践指南进行筛查既简单又具有成本效益，但许多患者未被诊断和治疗，导致疾病负担加重。具体而言，少数族裔进行双能X线吸收测定法（DXA）筛查的比例较低。筛查不足可能导致骨折风险增加、医疗保健成本升高，以及少数族裔人群不成比例地承受更高的发病率和死亡率。
本系统评价评估并总结了DXA骨质疏松症筛查中存在的种族和民族差异。
使用与骨质疏松症、少数族裔和DXA相关的术语，在SCOPUS、CINAHL和PubMed数据库中进行电子检索。使用预先定义的纳入和排除标准筛选文章，这些标准决定了综述中使用的最终文章。入选的全文文章进行了质量评估和数据提取。提取后，文章中的数据在总体水平上进行合并。
检索到412篇文章。筛选后，最终综述共纳入16项研究。纳入研究的总体质量较高。在 reviewed的16篇文章中，14篇发现少数族裔和多数族裔群体之间存在显著差异，并确定少数族裔群体中的 eligible患者接受DXA筛查的可能性较小。
少数族裔在骨质疏松症筛查方面存在显著差异。未来的努力应集中在解决筛查中的这些不一致问题，并消除医疗保健系统中的偏见。需要进一步研究以确定这种筛查差异的后果以及公平提供骨质疏松症护理的方法。
