Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Irving K. Barber Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, Canada.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2023 May 4;2023(61):3-11. doi: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad010.
Energy balance accounts for an individual's energy intake, expenditure, and storage. Each aspect of energy balance has implications for the pharmacokinetics of cancer treatments and may impact an individual's drug exposure and subsequently its tolerance and efficacy. However, the integrated effects of diet, physical activity, and body composition on drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion are not yet fully understood. This review examines the existing literature on energy balance, specifically the role of dietary intake and nutritional status, physical activity and energy expenditure, and body composition on the pharmacokinetics of cancer therapeutics. As energy balance and pharmacokinetic factors can be influenced by age-related states of metabolism and comorbidities, this review also explores the age-related impact of body composition and physiologic changes on pharmacokinetics among pediatric and older adult populations with cancer.
能量平衡可解释为个体的能量摄入、消耗和储存。能量平衡的每一方面都对癌症治疗的药代动力学有影响，可能会影响个体的药物暴露，进而影响其耐受性和疗效。然而，饮食、体力活动和身体成分对药物吸收、代谢、分布和排泄的综合影响尚未完全被理解。这篇综述检查了关于能量平衡的现有文献，具体探讨了饮食摄入和营养状况、体力活动和能量消耗以及身体成分对癌症治疗药物药代动力学的作用。由于能量平衡和药代动力学因素可能受到与年龄相关的代谢状态和合并症的影响，本综述还探讨了身体成分和生理变化对儿科和老年癌症患者药代动力学的与年龄相关的影响。
