Rumpler W V, Seale J L, Miles C W, Bodwell C E
US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, MD 20705.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Feb;53(2):430-6. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/53.2.430.
Eight men were fed at maintenance for 2 wk, followed by 4 wk at 50% of maintenance, then 1 wk at maintenance. The diets were formulated to contain either 40% or 20% of energy from fat. Daily energy expenditure (24-h EE) was determined by indirect calorimetry at the end of the 2-wk maintenance period; on days 1, 7, and 28 of reduced energy intake; and on days 1 and 7 of refeeding. During the reduced-energy period, body weight decreased from 96.6 to 91.5 kg and body fat decreased from 30.4% to 27.7%. There were no significant differences in 24-h EE or energy requirements per unit body weight due to diet composition or weight loss. Maintenance metabolizable-energy (ME) requirement averaged 31.0 kcal/kg body wt. Overall, the efficiency of ME use relative to body stores was 0.87 and was greater for high-fat than for low-fat diets. There was some evidence of an increase in the efficiency of energy use of body stores after weight loss. Substrate use reflected diet composition and energy-balance status independent of changes in body composition.
八名男性先按维持量喂养2周，接着按维持量的50%喂养4周，然后再按维持量喂养1周。饮食配方中脂肪供能占比分别为40%或20%。在为期2周的维持期结束时；能量摄入减少的第1天、第7天和第28天；以及重新喂养的第1天和第7天，通过间接测热法测定每日能量消耗（24小时能量消耗）。在能量摄入减少期间，体重从96.6千克降至91.5千克，体脂率从30.4%降至27.7%。由于饮食组成或体重减轻，24小时能量消耗或单位体重能量需求无显著差异。维持代谢能（ME）需求平均为31.0千卡/千克体重。总体而言，相对于身体储备，ME的利用效率为0.87，高脂肪饮食的效率高于低脂肪饮食。有证据表明体重减轻后身体储备能量的利用效率有所提高。底物利用反映了饮食组成和能量平衡状态，与身体组成变化无关。
