Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Center for Research in Human Development (CRDH), Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Centre for Research on Brain, Language & Music (CRBLM), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada; Bloomfield Centre for Research in Aging, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research/Jewish General Hospital/McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Neurobiol Aging. 2023 Aug;128:33-42. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.04.001. Epub 2023 Apr 6.
We examined cognitive domains and brain regions associated with olfactory performance in cognitively unimpaired older adults (CU-OAs) and individuals with or at risk for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). We compared CU-OAs (N = 55), individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, N = 55), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, N = 101), and AD (N = 45) on measures of olfactory function (Brief Smell Identification Test), cognition (episodic and semantic memory), and medial temporal lobe thickness and volume. Analyses controlled for age, sex, education, and total intracranial volume. Olfactory function decreased from SCD to MCI to AD. CU-OAs outperformed all groups except SCDs on tests of cognition and olfaction. Although these measures did not differ between the CU-OAs and SCDs, olfactory function correlated with episodic memory tests and with entorhinal cortex atrophy only in the SCD group. Olfactory function also correlated with hippocampal volume and right-hemisphere entorhinal cortex thickness in the MCI group. Olfactory dysfunction reflects medial temporal lobe integrity and memory performance in a group at risk for AD with normal cognition and olfaction.
我们研究了认知领域和与嗅觉表现相关的大脑区域，这些研究对象包括认知正常的老年人（CU-OA）以及患有或有患阿尔茨海默病（AD）风险的个体。我们比较了 CU-OA（N=55）、有主观认知下降（SCD，N=55）、轻度认知障碍（MCI，N=101）和 AD（N=45）的个体，评估了他们的嗅觉功能（简短嗅觉识别测试）、认知（情节记忆和语义记忆），以及内侧颞叶厚度和体积。分析中控制了年龄、性别、教育程度和总颅内体积。嗅觉功能从 SCD 下降到 MCI 再到 AD。CU-OA 在认知和嗅觉测试方面的表现优于除 SCD 以外的所有组。尽管 CU-OA 和 SCD 之间这些措施没有差异，但嗅觉功能仅在 SCD 组中与情节记忆测试和内嗅皮层萎缩相关。嗅觉功能也与 MCI 组的海马体体积和右侧内嗅皮层厚度相关。嗅觉功能障碍反映了内侧颞叶结构和记忆表现，在认知和嗅觉正常的 AD 高危人群中。
