Irwin J, Ahluwalia P, Zacharko R M, Anisman H
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1986 Apr;24(4):1151-4. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(86)90471-5.
Exposure to acute inescapable shock resulted in a decline of hypothalamic norepinephrine (NE), and an increase of plasma corticosterone concentrations. With repeated application of the stressor over 15 successive days the reduction of NE was eliminated and concentrations of the amine actually exceeded those of control animals. In contrast to the NE variations, plasma corticosterone concentrations were elevated irrespective of whether mice received a single or repeated sessions of inescapable footshock. Moreover, unlike NE concentrations, handling mice on successive days in the absence of the shock treatment was sufficient to provoke a modest, but reliable increase of corticosterone concentrations. It is suggested that the hypothalamic NE and plasma corticosterone changes may be reflective of different attributes of the stressor or are subserved by different mechanisms. It is suggested that variations in both these systems represent adaptive changes to meet environmental demands.
暴露于急性不可逃避的电击会导致下丘脑去甲肾上腺素（NE）减少，血浆皮质酮浓度升高。在连续15天重复施加应激源后，NE的减少消失，且该胺的浓度实际上超过了对照动物。与NE的变化相反，无论小鼠接受单次还是重复的不可逃避足部电击，血浆皮质酮浓度都会升高。此外，与NE浓度不同，在无电击处理的情况下连续几天处理小鼠足以引发皮质酮浓度适度但可靠的升高。有人提出，下丘脑NE和血浆皮质酮的变化可能反映了应激源的不同属性，或者由不同机制维持。有人提出，这两个系统的变化均代表为满足环境需求而发生的适应性变化。
