Wang Shunxian, Liu Xingzhong
State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology of the Ministry of Education, Department of Microbiology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Mycology. 2023 Jan 10;14(2):75-90. doi: 10.1080/21501203.2023.2165186. eCollection 2023.
Nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) are the majority of carnivorous microbes to capture nematodes through diverse and sophisticated trapping organs derived from hyphae. They can adopt carnivorous lifestyles in addition to saprophytism to obtain extra-nutrition from nematodes. As a special group of fungi, the NTF are not only excellent model organism for studying lifestyle transition of fungi but also natural resources of exploring biological control of nematodes. However, the carnivorous mechanism of NTF remains poorly understood. Nowadays, the omics studies of NTF have provided numerous genes and pathways that are associated with the phenotypes of carnivorous traits, which need molecular tools to verify. Here, we review the development and progress of gene manipulation tools in NTF, including methodology and strategy of transformation, random gene mutagenesis methods and target gene mutagenesis methods. The principle and practical approach for each method was summarized and discussed, and the basic operational flow for each tool was described. This paper offers a clear reference and instruction for researchers who work on NTF as well as other group of fungi.
线虫捕捉真菌（NTF）是大多数通过由菌丝衍生出的多样且复杂的捕捉器官来捕获线虫的食肉微生物。除了腐生生活方式外，它们还能采用食肉生活方式，从线虫中获取额外营养。作为一类特殊的真菌，NTF不仅是研究真菌生活方式转变的优秀模式生物，也是探索线虫生物防治的自然资源。然而，NTF的食肉机制仍知之甚少。如今，NTF的组学研究提供了许多与食肉性状表型相关的基因和途径，这需要分子工具来验证。在此，我们综述了NTF中基因操作工具的发展和进展，包括转化的方法和策略、随机基因诱变方法和靶基因诱变方法。总结并讨论了每种方法的原理和实际操作方法，并描述了每种工具的基本操作流程。本文为从事NTF以及其他真菌类群研究的人员提供了明确的参考和指导。
