Yoo Chisun, Ross Catherine
School of City and Regional Planning, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
School of City and Regional Planning and Civil Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA.
Transp Res Rec. 2023 Apr;2677(4):181-191. doi: 10.1177/03611981211029647. Epub 2021 Aug 8.
This study explores the impact of relevant characteristics of counties and their relationship with increases in COVID-19 cases before shelter-in-place (SIP) orders in the U.S. The recent emergence of COVID-19 occurs when there is little understanding of the related factors affecting the growth and spread of the disease. These relationships are examined through an analysis of 672 counties before SIP orders were issued. Areas that experienced the most significant transmission of disease are identified, and their characteristics are analyzed. A meaningful relationship was found between the increase of COVID-19 cases and several factors. Average commute time and the proportion of commuters using transit had a positive relationship. Along with other socio-economic factors, such as median house value and proportion of the Black population, several transportation-related factors had a significant association with the transmission of the disease. The decrease rate of total vehicle miles traveled (VMT) before and after SIP orders also had a solid and positive relationship with the expansion of the disease. The findings suggest that planners and transportation service providers must integrate evolving public health considerations into transportation services which affect the increase in the transmission of infectious diseases.
本研究探讨了美国各县的相关特征及其与就地避难（SIP）令发布前新冠病毒病例增加之间的关系。新冠病毒最近出现时，人们对影响该疾病传播和扩散的相关因素了解甚少。通过对672个县在发布SIP令之前的情况进行分析来研究这些关系。确定了疾病传播最严重的地区，并分析了它们的特征。研究发现新冠病毒病例的增加与几个因素之间存在有意义的关系。平均通勤时间和乘坐公共交通工具通勤者的比例呈正相关。连同其他社会经济因素，如房屋中位价和黑人人口比例，几个与交通相关的因素与疾病传播有显著关联。SIP令发布前后总车辆行驶里程（VMT）的下降率也与疾病的扩散呈稳固的正相关。研究结果表明，规划者和交通服务提供商必须将不断变化的公共卫生考虑因素纳入影响传染病传播增加的交通服务中。
