Institute for Space Sciences, Bucharest-Măgurele, R 077125, Romania.
Phys Rev Lett. 2023 Apr 21;130(16):163201. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.163201.
Following the removal of axial confinement the momentum distribution of a Tonks-Girardeau gas approaches that of a system of noninteracting spinless fermions in the initial harmonic trap. This phenomenon, called dynamical fermionization, has been experimentally confirmed in the case of the Lieb-Liniger model and theoretically predicted in the case of multicomponent systems at zero temperature. We prove analytically that for all spinor gases with strong repulsive contact interactions at finite temperature the momentum distribution after release from the trap asymptotically approaches that of a system of spinless fermions at the same temperature but with a renormalized chemical potential which depends on the number of components of the spinor system. In the case of the Gaudin-Yang model we check numerically our analytical predictions using the results obtained from a nonequilibrium generalization of Lenard's formula describing the time evolution of the field-field correlators.
撤去轴向约束后，谭克斯-吉拉德气体的动量分布接近初始谐振子阱中非相互作用的无自旋费米子系统。这种现象称为动力学费米化，在李-林格模型的情况下已经得到实验证实，在零温度多分量系统的情况下已经得到理论预测。我们证明，在所有有限温度下具有强排斥接触相互作用的旋量气体中，从陷阱中释放后的动量分布在渐近极限下接近具有相同温度的无自旋费米子系统的分布，但化学势被重整化，其取决于旋量系统的分量数。在 Gaudin-Yang 模型的情况下，我们使用描述场-场相关函数时间演化的 Lenard 公式的非平衡推广的结果，通过数值方法检验我们的分析预测。
