泰国清迈自然感染严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2或接种科兴疫苗或ChAdOx1（AZD1222）疫苗后的抗体反应比较。
Comparison of antibody responses following natural infection with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 or receipt of CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 (AZD1222) vaccination in Chiang Mai, Thailand.
作者信息
Hongjaisee Sayamon, Chawansuntati Kriangkrai, Sripan Patumrat, Rattanathammethee Kritsadee, Sakkhachornphop Supachai, Chaiwarith Romanee, Sudjaritruk Tavitiya, Supparatpinyo Khuanchai, Wipasa Jiraprapa
机构信息
Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
出版信息
Vaccine X. 2023 Aug;14:100305. doi: 10.1016/j.jvacx.2023.100305. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
BACKGROUND
In Thailand, early vaccination initiatives for SARS-CoV-2 relied on CoronaVac (Sinovac Life Sciences) and ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) vaccines. However, the data of immunogenicity of these two vaccines in Thai populations is limited. This real time, head-to-head comparative study was conducted to investigate antibody (Ab) responses to SARS-CoV-2 following infection or receipt of either CoronaVac or ChAdOx1 vaccination in Chiang Mai, Thailand.
METHODS
Sera was collected within two months from participants having a history of documented SARS-CoV-2 infection or at one month after the second dose of CoronaVac vaccine. Sera from participants with a history of receiving one dose of ChAdOx1 vaccination was collected twice, at one month following each vaccine dose. Neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) were assessed using the surrogate neutralization test and anti-spike protein antibodies were assessed using an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS
The prevalence of NAbs against SARS-CoV-2 was 92.1 %, 95.7 %, 64.1 % and 100 % in the infection group, CoronaVac group, ChAdOx1 group after 1st dose, and ChAdOx1 group after 2nd dose, respectively. The inhibition rate in individuals receiving two doses of ChAdOx1 vaccine (90.8%) was significantly higher than individuals who had recovered from natural infection (71.7%) or individuals who had received two doses of CoronaVac vaccine (66.7%). The prevalence of anti-spike Abs was 97.4 %, 97.8 %, 97.4 % and 100 % in the infection group, CoronaVac group, ChAdOx1 group after 1st dose, and ChAdOx1 group after 2nd dose, respectively. Significantly higher levels of anti-spike Abs were observed in the ChAdOx1 group after two doses of vaccination (1975 AU/mL) compared to those who had recovered from natural infection (468.5 AU/mL) and individuals who had received CoronaVac (554.4 AU/mL). Neutralizing activity had a statistically significant positive correlation with levels of anti-spike Abs.
CONCLUSIONS
ChAdOx1 vaccine may provide superior immunogenicity than CoronaVac and natural infection.
背景
在泰国，针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的早期疫苗接种计划依赖于科兴新冠疫苗（科兴生物）和牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗。然而，这两种疫苗在泰国人群中的免疫原性数据有限。本实时、直接比较研究旨在调查泰国清迈地区感染SARS-CoV-2或接种科兴新冠疫苗或牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗后抗体（Ab）对SARS-CoV-2的反应。
方法
在有记录的SARS-CoV-2感染病史的参与者感染后两个月内或在科兴新冠疫苗第二剂接种后一个月收集血清。有一剂牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗接种史的参与者的血清在每次疫苗接种后一个月收集两次。使用替代中和试验评估中和抗体（NAb），并使用内部酶联免疫吸附测定评估抗刺突蛋白抗体。
结果
感染组、科兴新冠疫苗组、牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗第一剂接种后组和牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗第二剂接种后组中，针对SARS-CoV-2的中和抗体流行率分别为92.1%、95.7%、64.1%和100%。接受两剂牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗的个体的抑制率（90.8%）显著高于自然感染康复个体（71.7%）或接受两剂科兴新冠疫苗的个体（66.7%）。感染组、科兴新冠疫苗组、牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗第一剂接种后组和牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗第二剂接种后组中，抗刺突抗体的流行率分别为97.4%、97.8%、97.4%和100%。与自然感染康复个体（468.5 AU/mL）和接受科兴新冠疫苗的个体（554.4 AU/mL）相比，接种两剂牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗后组的抗刺突抗体水平显著更高（1975 AU/mL）。中和活性与抗刺突抗体水平呈统计学显著正相关。
结论
牛津-阿斯利康新冠疫苗可能比科兴新冠疫苗和自然感染提供更好的免疫原性。
Zotero 插件