International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, China; Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. 1665 Kong Jiang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Aug;332:138863. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138863. Epub 2023 May 6.
Diet, including drinking water, and demographic characteristics have been associated with PFAS exposure levels in the general population. But data in pregnant women are scarce. We aimed to examine the PFAS levels in relation to these factors in early pregnancy and included 2545 pregnant women in early pregnancy from the Shanghai Birth Cohort. Ten PFAS were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS-MS) in plasma samples at around 14 weeks of gestation. Geometric mean (GM) ratios were used to estimate the associations between demographic characteristics, food intake and source of drinking water and concentrations of nine PFAS with a detection rate of at least 70%, and the total perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (∑PFCA), perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (∑PFSA) and all the PFAS concentrations (∑PFAS). Median concentrations of plasma PFAS ranged from 0.03 ng/mL for PFBS to 11.56 ng/mL for PFOA. In the multivariable linear models, maternal age, parity, parental education level, marine fish, freshwater fish, shellfish, shrimps, crabs, animal kidneys, animal liver, eggs, and bone soup in early pregnancy were positively associated with plasma concentrations of certain PFAS. Whereas pre-pregnancy BMI, plant-based foods, and drinking bottled water were negatively associated with some PFAS concentrations. In summary, this study suggested that fish and seafood, animal offal, and high-fat foods (eggs and bone soup) were significant sources of PFAS. PFAS exposure may be reduced by consuming more plant-based foods and potential interventions, such as drinking water treatment.
饮食（包括饮用水）和人口统计学特征与一般人群中 PFAS 的暴露水平有关。但孕妇的数据很少。我们旨在研究这些因素与妊娠早期 PFAS 水平的关系，并纳入了来自上海出生队列的 2545 名妊娠早期孕妇。在妊娠约 14 周时，使用高效液相色谱/串联质谱法（HPLC/MS-MS）在血浆样本中测量了十种 PFAS。几何均数（GM）比值用于估计人口统计学特征、食物摄入和饮用水来源与至少 70%检测率的九种 PFAS 浓度以及总全氟羧酸（∑PFCA）、全氟磺酸（∑PFSA）和所有 PFAS 浓度（∑PFAS）之间的关系。血浆 PFAS 的中位数浓度范围从 0.03ng/mL 的 PFBS 到 11.56ng/mL 的 PFOA。在多变量线性模型中，母亲年龄、产次、父母受教育程度、海鱼、淡水鱼、贝类、虾、蟹、动物肾脏、动物肝脏、鸡蛋和骨汤在妊娠早期与某些 PFAS 的血浆浓度呈正相关。而孕前 BMI、植物性食物和饮用瓶装水与某些 PFAS 浓度呈负相关。总之，这项研究表明，鱼和海鲜、动物内脏和高脂肪食物（鸡蛋和骨汤）是 PFAS 的重要来源。通过食用更多的植物性食物和潜在的干预措施（如饮用水处理），可能会降低 PFAS 的暴露。
