超大 G 蛋白对玉米和水稻的农艺性状和抗逆性有显著影响。
Extra-large G proteins have extra-large effects on agronomic traits and stress tolerance in maize and rice.
机构信息
Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA.
Biology Department, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA; Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, Penn State University, University Park, State College, PA, USA.
出版信息
Trends Plant Sci. 2023 Sep;28(9):1033-1044. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.04.005. Epub 2023 May 7.
Heterotrimeric G proteins - comprising Gα, Gβ, and Gγ subunits - are ubiquitous elements in eukaryotic cell signaling. Plant genomes contain both canonical Gα subunit genes and a family of plant-specific extra-large G protein genes (XLGs) that encode proteins consisting of a domain with Gα-like features downstream of a long N-terminal domain. In this review we summarize phenotypes modulated by the canonical Gα and XLG proteins of arabidopsis and highlight recent studies in maize and rice that reveal dramatic phenotypic consequences of XLG clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) mutagenesis in these important crop species. XLGs have both redundant and specific roles in the control of agronomically relevant plant architecture and resistance to both abiotic and biotic stresses. We also point out areas of current controversy, suggest future research directions, and propose a revised, phylogenetically-based nomenclature for XLG protein genes.
三聚体 G 蛋白——由 Gα、Gβ 和 Gγ 亚基组成——是真核细胞信号转导中普遍存在的元件。植物基因组包含典型的 Gα 亚基基因和一系列植物特异性特大 G 蛋白基因（XLGs），这些基因编码的蛋白质由下游具有 Gα 样特征的结构域和长 N 端结构域组成。在这篇综述中，我们总结了拟南芥中典型的 Gα 和 XLG 蛋白调节的表型，并强调了最近在玉米和水稻中的研究，这些研究揭示了 XLG 簇在这些重要作物物种中频繁出现的短回文重复（CRISPR）诱变的显著表型后果。XLGs 在控制与农艺相关的植物结构和对非生物和生物胁迫的抗性方面具有冗余和特定的作用。我们还指出了当前争议的领域，提出了未来的研究方向，并提出了 XLG 蛋白基因的修订的、基于系统发育的命名法。
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