Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570, Brazil.
National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Viçosa 36570, Brazil.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Jun 11;23(12):6544. doi: 10.3390/ijms23126544.
Plant survival depends on adaptive mechanisms that constantly rely on signal recognition and transduction. The predominant class of signal discriminators is receptor kinases, with a vast member composition in plants. The transduction of signals occurs in part by a simple repertoire of heterotrimeric G proteins, with a core composed of α-, β-, and γ-subunits, together with a 7-transmembrane Regulator G Signaling (RGS) protein. With a small repertoire of G proteins in plants, phosphorylation by receptor kinases is critical in regulating the active state of the G-protein complex. This review describes the in vivo detected phosphosites in plant G proteins and conservation scores, and their in vitro corresponding kinases. Furthermore, recently described outcomes, including novel arrestin-like internalization of RGS and a non-canonical phosphorylation switching mechanism that drives G-protein plasticity, are discussed.
植物的生存依赖于不断依赖信号识别和转导的适应机制。信号甄别器的主要类别是受体激酶，在植物中有大量的成员组成。信号的转导部分是通过一组简单的异三聚体 G 蛋白来完成的，其核心由 α-、β-和 γ-亚基以及一个 7 次跨膜的调节 G 信号（RGS）蛋白组成。由于植物中的 G 蛋白种类较少，受体激酶的磷酸化在调节 G 蛋白复合物的活性状态方面至关重要。这篇综述描述了植物 G 蛋白中的体内检测到的磷酸化位点和保守分数，以及它们在体外对应的激酶。此外，还讨论了最近描述的结果，包括新型的 RGS 类抑制蛋白的非经典内化和驱动 G 蛋白可塑性的非经典磷酸化转换机制。
