Department of Geography, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Jun;30(27):70985-71000. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-27230-8. Epub 2023 May 9.
Ecosystem health in the Yangtze River basin (YRB) shows significant regional differences. Analysis of regional differences and drivers of ecosystem health in YRB is of practical significance for sustainable basin ecological management. However, existing studies lack research on regional differences and driving forces of ecosystem health, especially in big basin regions. Based on multi-source data, this study adopted spatial statistics and distribution dynamics models to quantitatively analyze the regional differences of ecosystem health in the YRB during 2000-2020 and employed the spatial panel model to reveal the driving forces of ecosystem health in the YRB. The ecosystem health index of the upper, middle, and lower reaches of YRB and the entire basin in 2020 was 0.753, 0.781, 0.637, and 0.742, respectively, while they all decreased during 2000-2020. Regional differences in YRB ecosystem health increased during 2000-2020. From the perspective of dynamic evolution, low-level and high-level ecosystem health units evolved to high-level, while medium-high-level ecosystem health units evolved to low-level. High-high (accounting for 30.372% in 2020) and low-low (accounting for 13.533% in 2020) were the main cluster types. Regression result showed that urbanization was the main reason for ecosystem health deterioration. The findings can provide enlightenment to further understand the regional differences of ecosystem health in YRB and provide theoretical reference for the coordinated management of ecosystem at macro-level and the differential regulation of local ecosystem at micro-level in the basin region.
长江流域（YRB）的生态系统健康呈现出显著的区域差异。分析 YRB 生态系统健康的区域差异和驱动因素对于流域的可持续生态管理具有重要意义。然而，现有的研究缺乏对生态系统健康的区域差异和驱动因素的研究，特别是在大流域地区。本研究基于多源数据，采用空间统计和分布动态模型，定量分析了 2000-2020 年 YRB 生态系统健康的区域差异，并采用空间面板模型揭示了 YRB 生态系统健康的驱动因素。2020 年 YRB 上游、中游和下游以及全流域的生态系统健康指数分别为 0.753、0.781、0.637 和 0.742，而这些指数在 2000-2020 年间均呈下降趋势。YRB 生态系统健康的区域差异在 2000-2020 年间有所增加。从动态演化的角度来看，低水平和高水平的生态系统健康单元向高水平演化，而中高水平的生态系统健康单元向低水平演化。高水平-高水平（2020 年占 30.372%）和低水平-低水平（2020 年占 13.533%）是主要的聚类类型。回归结果表明，城市化是生态系统健康恶化的主要原因。研究结果可以为进一步了解 YRB 生态系统健康的区域差异提供启示，并为流域宏观层面的生态系统协调管理和微观层面的地方生态系统差异化调节提供理论参考。
