College of Pratacultural Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
College of Management, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 30;12(1):13103. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-17464-w.
The value of ecosystem services, as well as their temporal and spatial characteristics, can be used to help areas develop focused and localized sustainable ecological management plans. Thus, this study conducted in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) of China, analyzed the ecosystem service value (ESV) and its spatial-temporal variation characteristics. This study used the equivalent factor and geospatial exploration methods, introduced the elasticity coefficient, and explored the response of ESV change to land-use change, based on the land use cover data from 1990 to 2020. The results showed that from 1990 to 2020, YRB ecosystem service value showed an overall increasing trend, mainly because the ecological construction project increased forest and grasslands in this region. In the past 30 years, spatial characteristics of ESV in YRB was relatively stable. The high-value areas were mainly distributed in the upper Yellow River Basin, while the low-value areas were mainly distributed in the lower Yellow River Basin, as the cold and hot spots were reduced. The ESV barycenter coordinates showed the direction of the transfer trajectory, which is first to southwest, northeast, and then to southwest. From 2000 to 2010, YRB land-use change had greater impact on ESV. Since 2010, the disturbance of ecosystem services by land-use change has decreased. Consequently, the elastic index of the upstream and Loess Plateau regions were significantly higher than that of other regions, and the impact of land-use change on ecosystem services was more obvious, due to improved large-scale ecological construction projects implementation. Conclusively, this study recommends the use of comprehensive spatial-temporal assessment of ESV for sustainable development and ecological protection in the YRB.
生态系统服务的价值及其时空特征可用于帮助各地区制定有针对性和本地化的可持续生态管理计划。因此，本研究以中国黄河流域（YRB）为例，分析了生态系统服务价值（ESV）及其时空变化特征。本研究基于 1990 年至 2020 年的土地利用覆盖数据，采用当量因子和地理空间探测方法，引入弹性系数，探讨了 ESV 变化对土地利用变化的响应。结果表明，1990 年至 2020 年，黄河流域生态系统服务价值呈总体上升趋势，主要是由于该地区生态建设工程增加了森林和草地。在过去的 30 年中，黄河流域 ESV 的空间特征相对稳定。高值区主要分布在上游黄河流域，而低值区主要分布在下游黄河流域，热点和冷点减少。ESV 重心坐标显示了转移轨迹的方向，先是西南、东北，然后再西南。2000 年至 2010 年，黄河流域土地利用变化对 ESV 的影响较大。自 2010 年以来，土地利用变化对生态系统服务的干扰减少。因此，上游和黄土高原地区的弹性指数明显高于其他地区，土地利用变化对生态系统服务的影响更加明显，这是由于大规模生态建设项目的实施得到了改善。总之，本研究建议对黄河流域进行综合时空评估，以促进可持续发展和生态保护。
