Saleem Tayyab, Akhtar Hashaam, Jamal Syed Babar, Maryam Fizza, Faheem Muhammad
School of Science, Monash University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
Yusra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yusra Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan.
J Arthropod Borne Dis. 2022 Dec 31;16(4):262-277. doi: 10.18502/jad.v16i4.12188. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Since 1952 when Zika Virus (ZIKV): a , was first discovered in humans, it has not received enough scientific research compared to some of the other members of the family Flaviviridae; like Dengue Virus (DENV). However, this has not stopped the virus from infecting the human population globally. In particular, the global spread of ZIKV has led to a surge in observational studies.
Regarding recently published ZIKV-related literature, we are not aware of any reviews strictly focusing on ZIKV from the perspective of observational studies. Therefore, we reviewed recently published observational studies exploring the global spread of ZIKV and its association with Congenital ZIKV Infection (CZI) and clinical manifestations in adults. Online databases including google scholar, PubMed and Elsevier were used for retrieving relevant studies.
ZIKV cases have been reported in different parts of the world, with certain regions reporting more cases than the rest, like Brazil. ZIKV causes a wide spectrum of diseases and disorders including microcephaly, developmental disorders, and Guillain-Barre syndrome to name a few. Furthermore, CZI in neonates mainly manifests into neurological disorders and diseases, whereas ZIKV in adults' targets various organs.
ZIKV poses a serious threat to human population and observational studies provide a different perspective on the damaging capabilities of ZIKV in real-life settings. Moreover, there are gaps in the literature regarding ZIKV-related-complications that future experimental studies need to address. These complications include in-utero transmission, Guillain-Barre syndrome, cross-reactivity, sexual transmission, along with its persistence in the male reproductive tract.
自1952年寨卡病毒（ZIKV）首次在人类中被发现以来，与黄病毒科的其他一些成员（如登革热病毒（DENV））相比，它没有得到足够的科学研究。然而，这并没有阻止该病毒在全球范围内感染人类。特别是，寨卡病毒的全球传播导致了观察性研究的激增。
关于最近发表的与寨卡病毒相关的文献，我们不知道有任何严格从观察性研究角度关注寨卡病毒的综述。因此，我们回顾了最近发表的探索寨卡病毒全球传播及其与先天性寨卡病毒感染（CZI）和成人临床表现之间关联的观察性研究。使用包括谷歌学术、PubMed和爱思唯尔在内的在线数据库检索相关研究。
寨卡病毒病例已在世界不同地区被报道，某些地区报告的病例比其他地区多，如巴西。寨卡病毒会引发多种疾病和病症，包括小头畸形、发育障碍和格林-巴利综合征等。此外，新生儿的先天性寨卡病毒感染主要表现为神经疾病，而成年人的寨卡病毒则会攻击多个器官。
寨卡病毒对人类构成严重威胁，观察性研究为寨卡病毒在现实生活环境中的破坏能力提供了不同的视角。此外，关于寨卡病毒相关并发症的文献存在空白，未来的实验研究需要解决这些问题。这些并发症包括宫内传播、格林-巴利综合征、交叉反应、性传播以及它在男性生殖道中的持续存在。
