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伽马射线辐照诱导（PVC/HDPE）/ZnO 纳米复合材料表面改性，以提高 COMSOL 多物理场中的除油和导电性。

Gamma irradiation induced surface modification of (PVC/HDPE)/ZnO nanocomposite for enhancing the oil removal and conductivity using COMSOL multiphysics.

机构信息

Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.

Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2023 May 9;13(1):7514. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-34583-0.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-023-34583-0
PMID:37160993
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10170164/
Abstract

Blend nanocomposite film was prepared by loadings of irradiated ZnO in ratios of (5 wt%) inside the PVC/HDPE matrix using a hot-melt extruder technique. The physical and chemical properties of the irradiated and unirradiated ZnO samples are compared. The Vis-UV spectrum of ZnO shows an absorption peak at a wavelength of 373 nm that was slightly red-shifted to 375 nm for an irradiated sample of ZnO at a dose of 25 kGy due to the defect of crystal structure by the oxygen vacancy during gamma irradiations. This growth of the defect site leads to a decrease in energy gaps from 3.8 to 2.08 eV. AC conductivity of ZnO sample increased after the gamma irradiation process (25 kGy). The (PVC/HDPE)/ZnO nanocomposites were re-irradiated with γ rays at 25 kGy in the presence of four different media (silicon oil, sodium silicate, paraffin wax and water). FTIR and XRD were performed to monitor the changes in chemical composition. The new peak at 1723 cm attributed to C=O groups was observed in irradiated (PVC/HDPE)ZnO samples at only sodium silicate and water media. This process induced new function groups on the surface of the (PVC/HDPE)/ZnO blend sample. This work aims to develop (PVC/HDPE)ZnO for oil/water separation. The highest oil adsorption capability was observed in samples functionalized by C=O groups based on the different tested oils. The results suggest that the surface characterization of the (PVC/HDPE)/ZnO can be modified to enhance the oil adsorption potential. Further, the gamma irradiation dose significantly enhanced the AC conductivity compared to the unirradiated sample. According to COMSOL Multiphysics, the irradiated sample (PVC/HDPE)ZnO in water shows perfect uniform electric field distribution in medium voltage cables (22.000 V).

摘要

采用热熔挤出技术，将辐照 ZnO 以（5wt%）的比例负载到 PVC/HDPE 基质中，制备了纳米复合材料。比较了辐照和未辐照 ZnO 样品的物理化学性质。ZnO 的可见-紫外光谱显示，在辐照剂量为 25kGy 的情况下，ZnO 的吸收峰在波长 373nm 处略有红移至 375nm，这是由于伽马辐照过程中氧空位导致晶体结构缺陷。这种缺陷位置的增加导致能隙从 3.8eV 降低到 2.08eV。辐照后 ZnO 样品的交流电导率增加（25kGy）。在存在四种不同介质（硅油、硅酸钠、石蜡和水）的情况下，将（PVC/HDPE）/ZnO 纳米复合材料用γ射线在 25kGy 下再次辐照。进行傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）以监测化学成分的变化。在仅在硅酸钠和水介质中观察到辐照（PVC/HDPE）ZnO 样品中 1723cm-1处归因于 C=O 基团的新峰。该过程在（PVC/HDPE）/ZnO 共混物样品表面上诱导了新的官能团。这项工作旨在开发用于油水分离的（PVC/HDPE）ZnO。在不同测试的油中，观察到具有 C=O 基团的功能化样品具有最高的吸油能力。结果表明，可以对（PVC/HDPE）/ZnO 的表面特性进行修饰，以增强吸油潜力。此外，与未辐照样品相比，辐照剂量显著提高了交流电导率。根据 COMSOL Multiphysics，在水中辐照的（PVC/HDPE）ZnO 样品在中压电缆（22000V）中显示出完美的均匀电场分布。

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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/5871f1dde249/41598_2023_34583_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/0e7ce4d7f10d/41598_2023_34583_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/657971fe4fe7/41598_2023_34583_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/0ef084f54e6c/41598_2023_34583_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/b24f1a890f02/41598_2023_34583_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/697bc7683c40/41598_2023_34583_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/2b8ef85fa124/41598_2023_34583_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4a6a/10170164/5c561b73afc5/41598_2023_34583_Fig12_HTML.jpg

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