From the Beckman Laser Institute & Medical Clinic.
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Colorado, School of Medicine.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2024 Feb 1;153(2):334e-347e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000010645. Epub 2023 May 9.
Current minimally invasive fat reduction modalities use equipment that can cost thousands of U.S. dollars. Electrochemical lipolysis (ECLL), using low-cost battery and electrodes (approximately $10), creates acid/base within fat (width, approximately 3 mm), damaging adipocytes. Longitudinal effects of ECLL have not been studied. In this pilot study, the authors hypothesize that in vivo ECLL induces fat necrosis, decreases adipocyte number/viability, and forms lipid droplets.
Two female Yorkshire pigs (50 to 60 kg) received ECLL. In pig 1, 10 sites received ECLL, and 10 sites were untreated. In pig 2, 12 sites received ECLL and 12 sites were untreated. For ECLL, two electrodes were inserted into dorsal subcutaneous fat and direct current was applied for 5 minutes. Adverse effects of excessive pain, bleeding, infection, and agitation were monitored. Histology, live-dead (calcein, Hoechst, ethidium homodimer-1), and morphology (Bodipy and Hoechst) assays were performed on day 0 and postprocedure days 1, 2, 7, 14 (pig 1 and pig 2), and 28 (pig 2). Average particle area, fluorescence signal areas, and adipocytes and lipid droplet numbers were compared.
No adverse effects occurred. Live-dead assays showed adipocyte death on the anode on days 0 to 7 and the cathode on days 1 to 2 (not significant). Bodipy showed significant adipocyte loss at all sites ( P < 0.001) and lipid droplet formation at the cathode site on day 2 ( P = 0.0046). Histology revealed fat necrosis with significant increases in average particle area at the anode and cathode sites by day 14 (+277.3% change compared with untreated, P < 0.0001; +143.4%, P < 0.0001) and day 28 (+498.6%, P < 0.0001; +354.5%, P < 0.0001).
In vivo ECLL induces fat necrosis in pigs. Further studies are needed to evaluate volumetric fat reduction.
In vivo ECLL induces adipocyte death and fat necrosis. ECLL has the potential to be utilized in body fat contouring.
目前的微创减脂方式使用的设备可能要花费数千美元。电化学脂肪分解术（ECLL）使用低成本的电池和电极（约 10 美元），在脂肪内产生酸/碱（宽度约 3 毫米），破坏脂肪细胞。ECLL 的长期效果尚未得到研究。在这项初步研究中，作者假设体内 ECLL 可诱导脂肪坏死，减少脂肪细胞数量/活力，并形成脂质滴。
两只雌性约克夏猪（50 至 60 公斤）接受了 ECLL。在猪 1 中，有 10 个部位接受了 ECLL，10 个部位未接受治疗。在猪 2 中，有 12 个部位接受了 ECLL，12 个部位未接受治疗。对于 ECLL，将两个电极插入背部皮下脂肪中，并施加直流电 5 分钟。监测过度疼痛、出血、感染和躁动等不良反应。在第 0 天和术后第 1、2、7、14 天（猪 1 和猪 2）以及第 28 天（猪 2）进行组织学、死活（钙黄绿素、Hoechst、乙锭 homodimer-1）和形态学（Bodipy 和 Hoechst）检测。比较平均颗粒面积、荧光信号面积以及脂肪细胞和脂滴数量。
未发生不良反应。死活检测显示，在第 0 至 7 天，阳极上的脂肪细胞死亡，在第 1 至 2 天，阴极上的脂肪细胞死亡（无统计学意义）。Bodipy 显示所有部位的脂肪细胞明显丢失（P<0.001），并且在第 2 天阴极部位形成脂质滴（P=0.0046）。组织学显示，第 14 天和第 28 天，阳极和阴极部位的平均颗粒面积显著增加，与未治疗组相比，分别增加了 277.3%（P<0.0001；增加了 143.4%，P<0.0001）和 498.6%（P<0.0001；增加了 354.5%，P<0.0001），引起脂肪坏死。
体内 ECLL 可诱导猪的脂肪坏死。需要进一步研究以评估容积性脂肪减少。
体内 ECLL 诱导脂肪细胞死亡和脂肪坏死。ECLL 有可能用于身体脂肪轮廓塑造。
