Borgmann Lea-Sophie, Rattay Petra, Lampert Thomas
Robert Koch Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Berlin.
J Health Monit. 2017 Dec 13;2(4):110-115. doi: 10.17886/RKI-GBE-2017-131. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Social support is a psychosocial resource that results from social ties and networks. It has a significant impact on health and can improve mental well-being, reduce stress and mitigate the impact of unfavourable living conditions. The GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS survey undertaken by the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) is used to examine the extent and distribution of perceived social support among the adult population in Germany (n=23,617). The results show that both women and men largely feel supported by the people they are close to and their neighbours. However, perceived social support is not distributed equally across the population: the elderly, people with low levels of education and the unemployed report relatively frequently that they receive low levels of social support. As such, the sections of the population that are more frequently affected by health problems are also less likely to be able to rely on social support.
社会支持是一种源于社会关系和网络的心理社会资源。它对健康有重大影响，能改善心理健康、减轻压力并缓解不利生活条件的影响。由罗伯特·科赫研究所（RKI）开展的2014/2015年德国健康访谈与体检调查（GEDA 2014/2015-EHIS）用于研究德国成年人口（n = 23,617）中感知到的社会支持的程度和分布情况。结果显示，男性和女性大多都感到自己得到了亲近之人和邻居的支持。然而，感知到的社会支持在人群中的分布并不均匀：老年人、受教育程度低的人和失业者相对频繁地报告称他们获得的社会支持水平较低。因此，更频繁受到健康问题影响的人群也更不太可能依赖社会支持。
