Du Pengfei, Wang Huanjie, Shi Xiuwen, Zhang Xiangli, Zhu Yao, Chen Wen, Zhang Huaiyong, Huang Yanqun
College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China.
Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
Anim Nutr. 2023 Feb 21;13:261-269. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.02.005. eCollection 2023 Jun.
The glucose metabolism of poultry draws wide attention as they have nearly twice the fasting blood glucose than that of mammals. To define the relationship between glucose metabolism and breed of chicken, the outcomes from different growth rate chickens showed that Arbor Acres (AA) broilers, a well-known fast-growing breed, had a lower fasting blood glucose concentration and glucose clearance rate when compared to Silky chickens, a Chinese traditional medicinal chicken with black skin and a slow growth rate. Moreover, AA broilers had a relatively slow rise in blood glucose in response to oral glucose solution than the Silky chickens on 21 and 42 d ( < 0.05), which is probably attributed to downregulated expression of pancreatic insulin (), and upregulated transcription of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxy kinase 1 () and glucose transporter 2 () in the liver of AA broilers ( < 0.05). In response to feeding restriction from 7 to 21 d, both the fasting blood glucose and the response speed of AA broilers to oral glucose were increased on d 21 ( < 0.05), and the serum glucose concentrations after 3 weeks compensatory growth were improved by early feed restriction in AA broilers. Feed restriction could also upregulate the mRNA level of pancreatic on d 21 and 42, as well as decrease the expressions of , glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic (), and in the liver on d 21 ( < 0.05) when compared to the free feeding group. These results revealed that Silky chickens have a stronger capability to regulate glucose homeostasis than AA broilers, and feed restriction could improve the fasting blood glucose and the response to oral glucose of AA broilers.
家禽的葡萄糖代谢备受关注，因为它们的空腹血糖几乎是哺乳动物的两倍。为了确定葡萄糖代谢与鸡品种之间的关系，不同生长速度鸡的实验结果表明，著名的快速生长品种艾维茵（AA）肉鸡与中国传统药用鸡乌骨鸡相比，空腹血糖浓度和葡萄糖清除率较低。乌骨鸡皮肤黑色，生长速度慢。此外，在第21天和第42天，AA肉鸡口服葡萄糖溶液后血糖升高相对较慢（P<0.05），这可能归因于AA肉鸡胰腺胰岛素（）表达下调，肝脏中磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧激酶1（）和葡萄糖转运蛋白2（）转录上调（P<0.05）。在7至21天进行限饲后，AA肉鸡在第21天的空腹血糖和对口服葡萄糖的反应速度均增加（P<0.05），早期限饲使AA肉鸡在3周补偿生长后的血清葡萄糖浓度得到改善。限饲还可上调第21天和第42天胰腺的mRNA水平，与自由采食组相比，在第21天可降低肝脏中、葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶催化亚基（）和的表达（P<0.05）。这些结果表明，乌骨鸡比AA肉鸡具有更强的调节葡萄糖稳态的能力，限饲可改善AA肉鸡的空腹血糖和对口服葡萄糖的反应。
