Excessive abdominal fat deposition is an issue with general concern in broiler production, especially for Chinese native chicken breeds. A high-fat diet (HFD) can induce body weight gained and excessive fat deposition, and genes and pathways participate in fat metabolism and adipogenesis would be influenced by HFD. In order to reveal the main genes and pathways involved in chicken abdominal fat deposition, we used HFD and normal diet (ND) to feed a Chinese native chicken breed, respectively. Results showed that HFD can increase abdominal fat deposition and induce adipocyte hypertrophy. Additionally, we used RNA-sequencing to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HFD and ND chickens in liver and abdominal fat. By analyzed these DEGs, we found that the many DEGs were enriched in fat metabolism related pathways, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, fat digestion and absorption, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. Notably, the expression of , which is a binding protein of mRNA, was found to be induced in liver and abdominal fat by HFD. Ectopic expression of in chicken liver-related cell line Leghorn strain M chicken hepatoma (LMH) cell revealed that can regulate the expression of genes associated with fatty acid metabolism. In chicken preadipocytes (ICP cell line), we found that can promote adipocyte proliferation and differentiation, and the lipid droplet content would be increased by overexpression of . Taken together, this study provides new insights into understanding the genes and pathways involved in abdominal fat deposition of Chinese native broiler, and is an important candidate gene for the study of fat metabolism and adipogenesis in chicken.