Katz D, Suchey J M
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1986 Apr;69(4):427-35. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330690402.
An extensive (n = 739) sample of well-documented male pubic bones was examined for age-related features. Using the traditional aging methods, Todd's system was found to over-age and both the Todd and the McKern-Stewart systems did not account for age variability seen in advanced pubic bone patterns. Based on a 5-year interobserver error study, certain categories in each system were collapsed because observers could not consistently differentiate between them by morphological pattern. The traditional and the modified versions were than analyzed using linear regression analysis. All approaches perform poorly when the entire sample is used. Truncation strategies to eliminate older individuals result in substantial improvement. The traditional Todd system and its modified form are found to be the best systems. When implementation is considered, a modified Todd six-phase system is recommended.
对大量（n = 739）有详细记录的男性耻骨样本进行了与年龄相关特征的检查。使用传统的老化方法发现，托德系统对年龄的判断偏高，并且托德系统和麦肯-斯图尔特系统都没有考虑到耻骨晚期模式中出现的年龄变异性。基于一项为期5年的观察者间误差研究，每个系统中的某些类别被合并，因为观察者无法通过形态模式始终如一地对它们进行区分。然后使用线性回归分析对传统版本和修改版本进行分析。当使用整个样本时，所有方法的表现都很差。消除年龄较大个体的截断策略可带来显著改善。发现传统的托德系统及其修改形式是最佳系统。在考虑实施时，推荐使用修改后的托德六阶段系统。
