Rekowska Anna K, Obuchowska Karolina, Bartosik Magdalena, Kimber-Trojnar Żaneta, Słodzińska Magdalena, Wierzchowska-Opoka Magdalena, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena
Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 May 5;15(9):2618. doi: 10.3390/cancers15092618.
The process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is crucial in the implantation of the blastocyst and subsequent placental development. The trophoblast, consisting of villous and extravillous zones, plays different roles in these processes. Pathological states, such as placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), can arise due to dysfunction of the trophoblast or defective decidualization, leading to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Studies have drawn parallels between placentation and carcinogenesis, with both processes involving EMT and the establishment of a microenvironment that facilitates invasion and infiltration. This article presents a review of molecular biomarkers involved in both the microenvironment of tumors and placental cells, including placental growth factor (PlGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), E-cadherin (CDH1), laminin γ2 (LAMC2), the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox (ZEB) proteins, αVβ3 integrin, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), β-catenin, cofilin-1 (CFL-1), and interleukin-35 (IL-35). Understanding the similarities and differences in these processes may provide insights into the development of therapeutic options for both PAS and metastatic cancer.
上皮-间质转化（EMT）过程在囊胚着床及随后的胎盘发育中至关重要。滋养层由绒毛区和绒毛外区组成，在这些过程中发挥着不同作用。诸如胎盘植入谱系（PAS）等病理状态可能因滋养层功能障碍或蜕膜化缺陷而出现，导致母婴发病和死亡。研究已发现胎盘形成与致癌作用之间存在相似之处，这两个过程都涉及EMT以及有利于侵袭和浸润的微环境的建立。本文综述了肿瘤微环境和胎盘细胞中涉及的分子生物标志物，包括胎盘生长因子（PlGF）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）、E-钙黏蛋白（CDH1）、层粘连蛋白γ2（LAMC2）、锌指E盒结合同源框（ZEB）蛋白、αVβ3整合素、转化生长因子β（TGF-β）、β-连环蛋白、丝切蛋白-1（CFL-1）和白细胞介素-35（IL-35）。了解这些过程中的异同可能为PAS和转移性癌症的治疗方案开发提供思路。
