Yao Shunyu, Liu Luming, Shan Pengfei, Yang Xiaojun, Wu Fei
State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution &Yunnan Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Ecological Conservation of Gaoligong Mountain, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
Animals (Basel). 2023 May 8;13(9):1567. doi: 10.3390/ani13091567.
Understanding the elevational patterns of beta diversity in mountain regions is a long-standing problem in biogeography and ecology. Previous research has generally focused on the taxonomy facet on a large scale, but was limited with regard to multi-facet beta diversity. Accordingly, we constructed a multi-dimensional (taxonomic/phylogenetic/functional) framework to analyze the underlying mechanisms of beta diversity. Within an approximately 2000 m altitudinal range (from 2027 m to 3944 m) along the eastern slope of the Meili Snow Mountains in Deqin County, Yunnan Province, China, we performed field surveys of breeding and non-breeding birds in September/2011 and May/2012, respectively. In total, 132 bird species were recorded during the fieldwork. The results indicated that taxonomic beta diversity contributed 56% of the bird species diversity, and its turnover process dominated the altitudinal pattern of taxon beta diversity; beta phylogenetic diversity contributed 42% of the bird phylogenetic diversity, and its turnover process also appeared to be stronger than the nestedness. For both taxonomy and phylogeny, the null models standardized measures (SES.β/SES.β/SES.β) of paired dissimilarities between elevation zones all showed statistically significant differences ( ≤ 0.05) and were higher than expected (SES.β > 0). However, standardized functional beta diversity showed convergence along the elevational gradient with no significant change. Moreover, the functional beta diversity contributed 50% of the bird functional diversity; there was no significant difference between the turnover and the nestedness-resultant component. Based on these results, we discerned that taxonomic and phylogenetic beta diversity patterns among the elevational zone were overdispersed, which indicated that limiting similarity dominated the turnover process among the bird species and phylogenetic communities in the Meili Snow Mountains.
了解山区β多样性的海拔格局是生物地理学和生态学中一个长期存在的问题。以往的研究通常在大尺度上关注分类学方面，但在多方面的β多样性方面存在局限性。因此，我们构建了一个多维（分类学/系统发育/功能）框架来分析β多样性的潜在机制。在中国云南省德钦县梅里雪山的东坡，在大约2000米的海拔范围内（从2027米到3944米），我们分别于2011年9月和2012年5月对繁殖和非繁殖鸟类进行了实地调查。在实地调查期间共记录了132种鸟类。结果表明，分类学β多样性占鸟类物种多样性的56%，其周转过程主导了分类单元β多样性的海拔格局；系统发育β多样性占鸟类系统发育多样性的42%，其周转过程似乎也比嵌套性更强。对于分类学和系统发育，海拔带之间配对差异的零模型标准化度量（SES.β/SES.β/SES.β）均显示出统计学上的显著差异（≤0.05）且高于预期（SES.β>0）。然而，标准化功能β多样性沿海拔梯度呈趋同，没有显著变化。此外，功能β多样性占鸟类功能多样性的50%；周转和嵌套性导致的组分之间没有显著差异。基于这些结果，我们发现海拔带之间的分类学和系统发育β多样性模式过度分散，这表明限制相似性主导了梅里雪山鸟类物种和系统发育群落之间的周转过程。
