de Dios-Rodríguez Elena, Patino-Alonso Carmen, González-Sánchez Susana, Tamayo-Morales Olaya, Ripoll Joana, Mora-Simón Sara, Unzueta-Arce Jaime, Gómez-Marcos Manuel A, García-Ortiz Luis, Rodríguez-Sánchez Emiliano
Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Salamanca, Gerencia Regional de Salud de Castilla y León (SACyL), Avenida de Portugal 83, 37005 Salamanca, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Paseo de San Vicente, 58-182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Apr 27;11(9):1255. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11091255.
People living with dementia (PLWD) and their family caregivers report higher rates of having a sedentary lifestyle than their non-disabled peers do. This study analyzed the effectiveness of an intervention designed to increase physical activity among PLWD and their family caregivers in primary health care settings. A cluster-randomized multicenter clinical trial was conducted. Participants from four health centers were randomly assigned to the intervention group (IG) or the control group (CG) in a 1:1 ratio using Epidat software. After a seven-day period with a digital pedometer (Omron Hj-321 lay-UPS), participants were asked to complete the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). PLWD and caregivers allocated to the IG were given brief advice, educational materials and an additional 15 min appointment to prescribe an individualized physical activity plan. Seventy PLWD and 80 caregivers were assigned to the CG and 70 PLWD and 96 caregivers were assigned to the IG. Results of the pedometer assessment show that in PLWD, the IG's activity increased by 52.89 aerobic steps at 6 months and the CG's activity decreased by 615.93 aerobic steps, showing a net increase in the IG of 668.82 (95% CI: -444.27 to 1781.91; = 0.227). For caregivers in the IG, activity increased by 356.91 aerobic steps and in the CG it decreased by 12.95 aerobic steps, showing a net increase in favor of the IG of 369.86 (95%CI: -659.33 to 1399.05; = 0.476). The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity in this group of people with dementia and their caregivers did not achieved positive results overall but may have provided suggestions for family physicians and physical therapists to improve physical activity among people with dementia and their families.
与非残疾同龄人相比，痴呆症患者（PLWD）及其家庭护理人员的久坐生活方式发生率更高。本研究分析了一项旨在增加初级卫生保健机构中PLWD及其家庭护理人员身体活动的干预措施的有效性。进行了一项整群随机多中心临床试验。使用Epidat软件将来自四个健康中心的参与者以1:1的比例随机分配到干预组（IG）或对照组（CG）。在使用数字计步器（欧姆龙Hj-321 lay-UPS）进行为期七天的监测后，要求参与者完成国际体力活动问卷简表（IPAQ-SF）。分配到IG的PLWD和护理人员会得到简短建议、教育材料以及额外15分钟的预约时间，以制定个性化的身体活动计划。70名PLWD和80名护理人员被分配到CG，70名PLWD和96名护理人员被分配到IG。计步器评估结果显示，在PLWD中，IG在6个月时的有氧步数增加了52.89步，而CG的有氧步数减少了615.93步，IG的净增加量为668.82步（95%CI：-444.27至1781.91；P = 0.227）。对于IG中的护理人员，有氧步数增加了356.91步，而CG中的护理人员有氧步数减少了12.95步，IG的净增加量为369.86步（95%CI：-659.33至1399.05；P = 0.476）。在这组痴呆症患者及其护理人员中，增加身体活动的干预措施总体上未取得积极结果，但可能为家庭医生和物理治疗师改善痴呆症患者及其家人的身体活动提供了建议。
