Jain Somit, Naicker Dharmik, Raj Ritu, Patel Vedanshu, Hu Yuh-Chung, Srinivasan Kathiravan, Jen Chun-Ping
School of Computer Science and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India.
Department of Mechanical and Electromechanical Engineering, National ILan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Apr 27;13(9):1563. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13091563.
Cancer is a dangerous and sometimes life-threatening disease that can have several negative consequences for the body, is a leading cause of mortality, and is becoming increasingly difficult to detect. Each form of cancer has its own set of traits, symptoms, and therapies, and early identification and management are important for a positive prognosis. Doctors utilize a variety of approaches to detect cancer, depending on the kind and location of the tumor. Imaging tests such as X-rays, Computed Tomography scans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans, and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans, which may provide precise pictures of the body's interior structures to spot any abnormalities, are some of the tools that doctors use to diagnose cancer. This article evaluates computational-intelligence approaches and provides a means to impact future work by focusing on the relevance of machine learning and deep learning models such as K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree, Deep Neural Network, Deep Boltzmann machine, and so on. It evaluates information from 114 studies using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). This article explores the advantages and disadvantages of each model and provides an outline of how they are used in cancer diagnosis. In conclusion, artificial intelligence shows significant potential to enhance cancer imaging and diagnosis, despite the fact that there are a number of clinical issues that need to be addressed.
癌症是一种危险且有时会危及生命的疾病,会给身体带来多种负面后果,是主要的死亡原因,且越来越难以检测。每种癌症都有其自身的一系列特征、症状和治疗方法,早期识别和管理对于良好的预后至关重要。医生会根据肿瘤的类型和位置采用多种方法来检测癌症。诸如X射线、计算机断层扫描(CT)、磁共振成像(MRI)扫描以及正电子发射断层扫描(PET)等成像测试,这些测试可以提供身体内部结构的精确图像以发现任何异常,是医生用于诊断癌症的一些工具。本文评估了计算智能方法,并通过关注机器学习和深度学习模型(如K近邻算法(KNN)、支持向量机(SVM)、朴素贝叶斯、决策树、深度神经网络、深度玻尔兹曼机等)的相关性,提供了一种影响未来工作的方法。它使用系统评价和元分析扩展的范围综述报告规范(PRISMA-ScR)对114项研究的信息进行了评估。本文探讨了每个模型的优缺点,并概述了它们在癌症诊断中的使用方式。总之,尽管存在一些需要解决的临床问题,但人工智能在增强癌症成像和诊断方面显示出巨大潜力。