Lee Ji Joo, Lee Sang-Eun, Kim Yeonjung, Park Young-Joon
Division of Epidemiological Investigation Analysis, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Division of Infectious Disease Response, Gyeongnam Regional Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Busan, Republic of Korea.
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023 Apr;14(2):129-137. doi: 10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0025. Epub 2023 Apr 5.
This study aimed to describe the characteristics and risk factors for severe disease in pregnant women infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the early days of the COVID-19 epidemic in Korea to the predominant period of the Delta variant.
A retrospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 between February 2020 and December 2021. Logistic regression analysis was performed to compare severe and mild cases after adjusting for pregnant women's age, nationality, infection route, outbreak area, infection period, symptoms, underlying disease, smoking status, trimester, and COVID-19 vaccination status.
In total, 2,233 pregnant women were diagnosed with COVID-19 by December 2021. Among these, 96.7% had mild symptoms, 3.3% had severe symptoms, and 0.04% died. The risk factors for severe disease in pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 were being in the age group of 35 to 45 years, having hyperlipidemia, being in the second or third trimester of pregnancy at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis, being infected during the Delta-predominant period, and having a fever (≥38 °C) at diagnosis. Furthermore, 47.1% of patients in the mild group and 84.9% of patients in the severe group had 3 or more risk factors.
Pregnant women with COVID-19 mainly experienced mild symptoms, but those with risk factors were at a higher risk of developing severe symptoms. Therefore, treatment and follow-up management should be thoroughly implemented.
本研究旨在描述2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫情初期至德尔塔变异株占主导时期韩国感染COVID-19的孕妇的重症特征及危险因素。
对2020年2月至2021年12月期间确诊为COVID-19的孕妇进行回顾性队列研究。在对孕妇的年龄、国籍、感染途径、疫情地区、感染时期、症状、基础疾病、吸烟状况、孕周和COVID-19疫苗接种状况进行调整后，进行逻辑回归分析以比较重症和轻症病例。
截至2021年12月，共有2233名孕妇被诊断为COVID-19。其中，96.7%有轻症症状，3.3%有重症症状，0.04%死亡。确诊COVID-19的孕妇发生重症的危险因素包括年龄在35至45岁之间、患有高脂血症、在COVID-19诊断时处于妊娠中期或晚期、在德尔塔变异株占主导时期感染以及诊断时发热（≥38°C）。此外，轻症组47.1%的患者和重症组84.9%的患者有3种或更多危险因素。
感染COVID-19的孕妇主要表现为轻症，但有危险因素的孕妇发生重症的风险更高。因此，应全面实施治疗和随访管理。
