Wang Chaoqun, Li Yuntao, Gu Lijuan, Chen Ran, Zhu Hua, Zhang Xu, Zhang Yonggang, Feng Shi, Qiu Sheng, Jian Zhihong, Xiong Xiaoxing
Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Huzhou Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Huzhou 310009, China.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Apr 18;15(8):2351. doi: 10.3390/cancers15082351.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis following conventional therapeutic interventions. Moreover, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) severely impedes the permeation of chemotherapy drugs, thereby reducing their efficacy. Consequently, it is essential to develop novel GBM treatment methods. A novel kind of pericyte immunotherapy known as chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell treatment uses CAR-T cells to target and destroy tumor cells without the aid of the antigen with great specificity and in a manner that is not major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted. It has emerged as one of the most promising therapy techniques with positive clinical outcomes in hematological cancers, particularly leukemia. Due to its efficacy in hematologic cancers, CAR-T cell therapy could potentially treat solid tumors, including GBM. On the other hand, CAR-T cell treatment has not been as therapeutically effective in treating GBM as it has in treating other hematologic malignancies. CAR-T cell treatments for GBM have several challenges. This paper reviewed the use of CAR-T cell therapy in hematologic tumors and the selection of targets, difficulties, and challenges in GBM.
胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是一种侵袭性原发性脑肿瘤，常规治疗干预后的预后较差。此外，血脑屏障（BBB）严重阻碍化疗药物的渗透，从而降低其疗效。因此，开发新的GBM治疗方法至关重要。一种新型的周细胞免疫疗法，即嵌合抗原受体T（CAR-T）细胞治疗，使用CAR-T细胞靶向并摧毁肿瘤细胞，无需抗原的帮助，具有高度特异性且不受主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）限制。它已成为血液系统癌症，特别是白血病中最有前景的治疗技术之一，临床效果良好。由于其在血液系统癌症中的疗效，CAR-T细胞疗法有可能治疗实体瘤，包括GBM。另一方面，CAR-T细胞治疗在治疗GBM方面并不像在治疗其他血液系统恶性肿瘤那样有效。GBM的CAR-T细胞治疗面临几个挑战。本文综述了CAR-T细胞疗法在血液系统肿瘤中的应用以及GBM治疗中的靶点选择、困难和挑战。
