Robotics Institute, State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Meta Robotics Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
ACS Nano. 2023 Jun 13;17(11):9661-9672. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01474. Epub 2023 May 17.
Development and implementation of neuroprosthetic hands is a multidisciplinary field at the interface between humans and artificial robotic systems, which aims at replacing the sensorimotor function of the upper-limb amputees as their own. Although prosthetic hand devices with myoelectric control can be dated back to more than 70 years ago, their applications with anthropomorphic robotic mechanisms and sensory feedback functions are still at a relatively preliminary and laboratory stage. Nevertheless, a recent series of proof-of-concept studies suggest that soft robotics technology may be promising and useful in alleviating the design complexity of the dexterous mechanism and integration difficulty of multifunctional artificial skins, in particular, in the context of personalized applications. Here, we review the evolution of neuroprosthetic hands with the emerging and cutting-edge soft robotics, covering the soft and anthropomorphic prosthetic hand design and relating bidirectional neural interactions with myoelectric control and sensory feedback. We further discuss future opportunities on revolutionized mechanisms, high-performance soft sensors, and compliant neural-interaction interfaces for the next generation of neuroprosthetic hands.
神经义肢手的研发和应用是一个涉及人类和人工机器人系统的多学科领域，旨在替代上肢截肢者的感觉运动功能。虽然带有肌电控制的假肢手设备可以追溯到 70 多年前，但具有拟人机器人机构和感觉反馈功能的应用仍处于相对初步和实验室阶段。然而，最近一系列的概念验证研究表明，软机器人技术在缓解灵巧机构的设计复杂性和多功能人工皮肤的集成困难方面可能具有很大的潜力和用处，特别是在个性化应用方面。在这里，我们回顾了新兴的软机器人技术在神经义肢手上的发展和应用，涵盖了软和拟人义肢手的设计以及与肌电控制和感觉反馈相关的双向神经交互作用。我们进一步讨论了下一代神经义肢手在革命性机构、高性能软传感器和顺应性神经交互界面方面的未来机遇。
