Department of Orthopedics, the Fourth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Beijing, 100853, China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Jul;10(21):e2207050. doi: 10.1002/advs.202207050. Epub 2023 May 18.
Degenerative musculoskeletal diseases (DMDs), including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, degenerative disc disease, and sarcopenia, present major challenges in the aging population. Patients with DMDs present with pain, functional decline, and reduced exercise tolerance, which result in long-term or permanent deficits in their ability to perform daily activities. Current strategies for dealing with this cluster of diseases focus on relieving pain, but they have a limited capacity to repair function or regenerate tissue. Cell-based therapies have attracted considerable attention in recent years owing to their unique mechanisms of action and remarkable effects on regeneration. In this review, current experimental attempts to use cell-based therapies for DMDs are highlighted, and the modes of action of different cell types and their derivatives, such as exosomes, are generalized. In addition, the latest findings from state-of-the-art clinical trials are reviewed, approaches to improve the efficiency of cell-based therapies are summarized, and unresolved questions and potential future research directions for the translation of cell-based therapies are identified.
退行性肌肉骨骼疾病（DMDs），包括骨质疏松症、骨关节炎、退行性椎间盘疾病和肌肉减少症，给老龄化人口带来了重大挑战。患有 DMDs 的患者会出现疼痛、功能下降和运动耐量降低，从而导致其进行日常活动的能力长期或永久受损。目前针对这组疾病的治疗策略侧重于缓解疼痛，但它们修复功能或再生组织的能力有限。近年来，细胞疗法因其独特的作用机制和对再生的显著效果而引起了广泛关注。在这篇综述中，强调了目前使用细胞疗法治疗 DMDs 的实验尝试，并概括了不同细胞类型及其衍生物（如外泌体）的作用模式。此外，还回顾了最新的最先进临床试验结果，总结了提高细胞疗法效率的方法，并确定了细胞疗法转化中未解决的问题和潜在的未来研究方向。
