Pratamawati Tiar Masykuroh, Alwi Idrus
Program Doctoral Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati, Cirebon, Indonesia.
Int J Hypertens. 2023 May 9;2023:5872362. doi: 10.1155/2023/5872362. eCollection 2023.
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease due to a complex interaction among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Characterized by raised blood pressure (BP), it is responsible for more than 7 million deaths per annum by acting as a leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Reports suggest that genetic factors are estimated to be involved in approximately 30 to 50% of BP variation, and epigenetic marks are known to contribute to the initiation of the disease by influencing gene expression. Consequently, elucidating the genetic and epigenetic mediators associated with hypertension is essential for better discernment of its pathophysiology. By deciphering the unprecedented molecular hypertension basis, it could help to unravel an individual's inclination towards hypertension which eventually could result in an arrangement of potential strategies for prevention and therapy. In the present review, we discuss known genetic and epigenetic drivers that contributed to the hypertension development and summarize the novel variants that have currently been identified. The effect of these molecular alterations on endothelial function was also presented.
高血压是一种多因素疾病，由遗传、表观遗传和环境因素之间复杂的相互作用引起。其特征为血压升高，作为心血管疾病的主要可预防风险因素，每年导致超过700万人死亡。报告表明，遗传因素估计约占血压变异的30%至50%，并且已知表观遗传标记通过影响基因表达促成该疾病的发生。因此，阐明与高血压相关的遗传和表观遗传介质对于更好地识别其病理生理学至关重要。通过解读前所未有的分子高血压基础，有助于揭示个体患高血压的倾向，最终可能形成一系列潜在的预防和治疗策略。在本综述中，我们讨论了已知的导致高血压发展的遗传和表观遗传驱动因素，并总结了目前已鉴定的新变体。还介绍了这些分子改变对内皮功能的影响。
