Field Erica, Pande Rohini, Rigol Natalia, Schaner Simone, Moore Charity Troyer
Duke University.
Yale University.
Am Econ Rev. 2021 Jul;111(7):2342-2375. doi: 10.1257/aer.20200705.
Can increasing control over earnings incentivize a woman to work, and thereby influence norms around gender roles? We randomly varied whether rural Indian women received bank accounts, training in account use, and direct deposit of public sector wages into their own (versus husbands') accounts. Relative to the accounts only group, women who also received direct deposit and training worked more in public and private sector jobs. The private sector result suggests gender norms initially constrained female employment. Three years later, direct deposit and training broadly liberalized women's own work-related norms, and shifted perceptions of community norms.
对收入的控制增强能否激励女性去工作，进而影响围绕性别角色的规范呢？我们随机改变印度农村女性是否获得银行账户、账户使用培训，以及公共部门工资是否直接存入她们自己（而非丈夫）的账户。与仅获得账户的组相比，同时获得直接存款和培训的女性在公共和私营部门工作的更多。私营部门的结果表明，性别规范最初限制了女性就业。三年后，直接存款和培训广泛地使女性自身与工作相关的规范更加自由，并改变了社区规范的认知。
