Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2023 Aug 11;228(3):281-286. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad173.
Immune mechanisms that modulate human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) reservoir size in neonates are poorly understood. Using samples from neonates who initiated antiretroviral therapy shortly after birth, we demonstrate that interleukin-8-secreting CD4 T cells, which are selectively expanded in early infancy, are more resistant to HIV-1 infection and inversely correlated with the frequency of intact proviruses at birth. Moreover, newborns with HIV-1 infection displayed a distinct B-cell profile at birth, with reduction of memory B cells and expansion of plasmablasts and transitional B cells; however, B-cell immune perturbations were unrelated to HIV-1 reservoir size and normalized after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02369406.
免疫机制调节新生儿体内人类免疫缺陷病毒 1（HIV-1）储存库的大小，但目前对此知之甚少。本研究利用出生后不久即开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的新生儿样本，结果表明，在婴儿早期选择性扩增的分泌白细胞介素 8 的 CD4 T 细胞对 HIV-1 感染具有更强的抗性，并且与出生时完整前病毒的频率呈负相关。此外，HIV-1 感染的新生儿在出生时表现出独特的 B 细胞特征，记忆 B 细胞减少，浆母细胞和过渡 B 细胞扩增；然而，B 细胞免疫紊乱与 HIV-1 储存库大小无关，并在开始抗逆转录病毒治疗后恢复正常。临床试验注册。NCT02369406。
