Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, 010018, China.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Aug 15;331(Pt 1):121840. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121840. Epub 2023 May 16.
Understanding the environmental and human impacts associated with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) exposure from municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) is challenging because information on ambient and dietary exposure levels, spatial characteristics, and potential exposure routes is limited. In this study, 20 households from two villages located on the upwind and downwind sides of a MSWI were selected to characterize the concentration and spatial distribution of PCDD/F and DL-PCB compounds in ambient and food samples, such as dust, air, soil, chicken, egg, and rice samples. The source of exposure was identified using congener profiles and principal component analysis. Overall, the dust and rice samples had the highest and lowest mean dioxin concentrations, respectively. Significant differences were observed (p < 0.01) in PCDD/F concentrations in chicken samples and DL-PCB concentrations in rice and air samples between the upwind and downwind villages. The exposure assessment indicated that the primary risk source was dietary exposure, especially from eggs, which had a PCDD/F toxic equivalency (TEQ) range of 0.31-14.38 pg TEQ/kg body weight (bw)/day, leading to adults in one household and children in two households exceeding the World Health Organization-defined threshold of 4 pg TEQ/kg bw/day. Chicken was the main contributor to the differences between upwind and downwind exposure. Based on the established congener profiles, the exposure routes of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs from the environment to food to humans were clarified.
了解城市固体废物焚烧厂（MSWIs）产生的多氯二苯并对二恶英/二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）和类似二恶英的多氯联苯（DL-PCBs）对环境和人类的影响具有挑战性，因为有关环境和饮食暴露水平、空间特征和潜在暴露途径的信息有限。在这项研究中，选择了位于 MSWI 上风侧和下风侧的两个村庄的 20 户家庭，以描述环境和食物样本（如灰尘、空气、土壤、鸡肉、鸡蛋和大米样本）中 PCDD/F 和 DL-PCB 化合物的浓度和空间分布。使用同系物分布和主成分分析来确定暴露源。总体而言，灰尘和大米样本的二恶英浓度最高和最低。上风侧和下风侧村庄的鸡样本中 PCDD/F 浓度和大米及空气样本中 DL-PCB 浓度存在显著差异（p<0.01）。暴露评估表明，主要的风险源是饮食暴露，特别是来自鸡蛋的暴露，其 PCDD/F 毒性等效物（TEQ）范围为 0.31-14.38 pg TEQ/kg 体重（bw）/天，导致一个家庭的成年人和两个家庭的儿童超过世界卫生组织规定的 4 pg TEQ/kg bw/day 阈值。鸡是造成上风侧和下风侧暴露差异的主要因素。根据建立的同系物分布，阐明了环境中二恶英和 DL-PCBs 从环境到食物再到人类的暴露途径。
