School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan- 38544, Republic of Korea.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy,Research Institute for Drug Development, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan-46241, Republic of Korea.
Environ Res. 2023 Aug 15;231(Pt 2):116172. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116172. Epub 2023 May 16.
The current study aimed to investigate the toxicity of positively charged polyhexamethylene guanidine (PHMG) polymer and its complexation with different anionic natural polymers such as k-carrageenan (kCG), chondroitin sulfate (CS), sodium alginate (Alg.Na), polystyrene sulfonate sodium (PSS.Na) and hydrolyzed pectin (HP). The physicochemical properties of the synthesized PHMG and its combination with anionic polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) namely PHMG:PECs were characterized using zeta potential, XPS, FTIR, and TG analysis. Furthermore, cytotoxic behavior of the PHMG and PHMG:PECs, respectively, were evaluated using human liver cancer cell line (HepG2). The study results revealed that the PHMG alone had slightly higher cytotoxicity to the HepG2 cells than the prepared polyelectrolyte complexes such as PHMG:PECs. The PHMG:PECs showed a significant reduction of cytotoxicity to the HepG2 cells than the pristine PHMG alone. A reduction of PHMG toxicity was observed may be due to the facile formation of complexation between the positively charged PHMG and negatively charged anionic natural polymers such as kCG, CS, Alg. Na, PSS.Na and HP, respectively, via charge balance or neutralization. The experimental results indicate that the suggested method might significantly lower PHMG toxicity while improving biocompatibility.
本研究旨在研究正电荷聚六亚甲基胍（PHMG）聚合物的毒性及其与不同阴离子天然聚合物（如κ-卡拉胶（kCG）、硫酸软骨素（CS）、海藻酸钠（Alg.Na）、聚苯乙烯磺酸钠（PSS.Na）和水解果胶（HP））的络合情况。通过zeta 电位、XPS、FTIR 和 TG 分析，对合成的 PHMG 及其与阴离子聚电解质复合物（PECs）即 PHMG：PECs 的理化性质进行了表征。此外，分别用人肝癌细胞系（HepG2）评估了 PHMG 和 PHMG：PECs 的细胞毒性行为。研究结果表明，与制备的聚电解质复合物（如 PHMG：PECs）相比，单独的 PHMG 对 HepG2 细胞具有略高的细胞毒性。与单独的 PHMG 相比，PHMG：PECs 对 HepG2 细胞的细胞毒性显著降低。观察到 PHMG 毒性降低可能是由于正电荷的 PHMG 与负电荷的阴离子天然聚合物（如 kCG、CS、Alg.Na、PSS.Na 和 HP）之间通过电荷平衡或中和形成了易于形成的络合物。实验结果表明，该方法可能显著降低 PHMG 的毒性，同时提高生物相容性。
