School of resources and environmental engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Anhui Shengjin Lake Wetland Ecology National Long-term Scientific Research Base, Dongzhi 247230, China.
School of resources and environmental engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China; Anhui Shengjin Lake Wetland Ecology National Long-term Scientific Research Base, Dongzhi 247230, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Aug 25;888:163823. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163823. Epub 2023 May 16.
Plastisphere plays crucial role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles and microplastics formation. Global Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills contain 42 % plastic waste, therefore representing one of the most significant plastispheres. MSW landfills are also the third largest anthropogenic methane sources and the important anthropogenic NO source. Surprisingly, knowledge of microbiota and the associated microbial carbon and nitrogen cycles of landfill plastispheres is very limited. In this study, we characterized and compared the organic chemicals profile, bacterial community structure and metabolic pathway on plastisphere and the surrounding refuse in a large-scale landfill using GC/MS and 16S rRNA genes high-throughput sequencing, respectively. Landfill plastisphere and the surrounding refuse differed in organic chemicals composition. However, abundant phthalate-like chemicals were determined in both environments, implying the plastics additives leaching. Bacterial colonizing on the plastics surface had significantly higher richness than that in the surrounding refuse. Plastic surface and the surrounding refuse had distinct bacterial community composition. Genera of Sporosarcina, Oceanobacillus and Pelagibacterium were detected on the plastic surface with high abundance, while Ignatzschineria, Paenalcaligenes and Oblitimonas were rich in the surrounding refuse. Typical plastics biodegradation genus Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Paenibacillus were detected in both environments. However, Pseudomonas was dominant in plastic surface (up to 88.73 %), whereas Bacillus was rich in the surrounding refuse (up to 45.19 %). For the carbon and nitrogen cycle, plastisphere was predicted to had significant (P < 0.05) higher functional genes involved in carbon metabolism and nitrification, indicating more activated carbon and nitrogen microbial activity on the plastics surface. Additionally, pH was the main driver in shaping the bacterial community composition on plastic surface. These results indicate that landfill plastispheres serve as unique niches for microbial community habitation and function on microbial carbon and nitrogen cycles. These observations invite further study of the landfill plastispheres ecological effect.
塑料球层在全球碳氮循环和微塑料形成中起着至关重要的作用。全球城市固体废物（MSW）垃圾填埋场含有 42%的塑料废物，因此是最重要的塑料球层之一。MSW 垃圾填埋场也是第三大人为甲烷源和重要的人为 NO 源。令人惊讶的是，关于垃圾填埋场塑料球层中的微生物群落及其相关微生物碳氮循环的知识非常有限。在这项研究中，我们使用 GC/MS 和 16S rRNA 基因高通量测序分别对大型垃圾填埋场中的塑料球层和周围垃圾的有机化学物质组成、细菌群落结构和代谢途径进行了特征描述和比较。垃圾填埋场塑料球层和周围垃圾在有机化学物质组成上存在差异。然而，在这两种环境中都确定了丰富的类邻苯二甲酸酯化学物质，这表明塑料添加剂正在浸出。在塑料表面定殖的细菌丰度明显高于周围垃圾。塑料表面和周围垃圾的细菌群落组成存在明显差异。在塑料表面检测到了丰富的 Sporosarcina、Oceanobacillus 和 Pelagibacterium 等属，而 Ignatzschineria、Paenalcaligenes 和 Oblitimonas 等属在周围垃圾中丰富。在这两种环境中都检测到了典型的塑料生物降解属 Bacillus、Pseudomonas 和 Paenibacillus。然而，Pseudomonas 在塑料表面占主导地位（高达 88.73%），而 Bacillus 在周围垃圾中丰富（高达 45.19%）。对于碳氮循环，塑料球层预测具有显著（P<0.05）更多参与碳代谢和硝化作用的功能基因，表明在塑料表面有更多活跃的碳氮微生物活性。此外，pH 是影响塑料表面细菌群落组成的主要驱动因素。这些结果表明，垃圾填埋场塑料球层是微生物群落在碳氮循环中栖息和发挥功能的独特小生境。这些观察结果邀请对垃圾填埋场塑料球层的生态效应进行进一步研究。
