School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Aug 25;888:164253. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164253. Epub 2023 May 16.
To explore the joint association of time spent in outdoor light and genetic susceptibility with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). A total of 395,809 individuals of European ancestry with diabetes-free at baseline in the UK Biobank were included. Time spent in outdoor light on a typical day in summer or winter was obtained from the questionnaire. T2D genetic risk was quantified via the polygenic risk score (PRS) and divided into three levels based on tertiles (lower, intermediate, and higher). T2D cases were ascertained according to the hospital records of diagnoses. After the median follow-up of 12.55 years, the association of outdoor light time and T2D risk demonstrated a nonlinear (J-shaped) trend. Compared to individuals with an average of 1.5-2.5 h/day of outdoor light, individuals who spent <1.5 h/day or >2.5 h/day in outdoor light both had an elevated risk of T2D, and the risk of T2D related to <1.5 h/day outdoor light time was much higher (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.10, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.06 to 1.15). After combining with PRS, in comparison with the lower PRS - average 1.5-2.5 h/day outdoor light group (reference), the higher PRS - <1.5 h/day outdoor light group had the highest T2D risk (HR = 2.74, 95 % CI: 2.55 to 2.94), the higher PRS - >2.5 h/day outdoor light group also had a higher risk of T2D (HR = 2.58, 95 % CI: 2.43 to 2.74). The interaction between average outdoor light time and genetic susceptibility for T2D was statistically significant (P for interaction <0.001). We found that optimal outdoor light time may modify the genetic risk for T2D. This suggests the T2D risk related to genetic factors could be prevented by spending optimal outdoor light time.
为了探索在户外光线中花费的时间和遗传易感性与 2 型糖尿病（T2D）风险之间的联合关联。本研究共纳入了英国生物库中 395809 名基线时无糖尿病的欧洲血统个体。通过问卷获得了夏季或冬季典型一天中在户外的时间。通过多基因风险评分（PRS）量化 T2D 遗传风险，并根据三分位（低、中、高）将其分为三个水平。根据医院记录的诊断确定 T2D 病例。在中位随访 12.55 年后，户外光线时间与 T2D 风险之间的关联呈现出非线性（J 形）趋势。与每天平均暴露在户外光线下 1.5-2.5 小时的个体相比，每天暴露在户外光线下<1.5 小时或>2.5 小时的个体都有较高的 T2D 风险，而且与每天暴露在户外光线下<1.5 小时相关的 T2D 风险更高（风险比[HR] = 1.10，95%置信区间[CI]：1.06 至 1.15）。结合 PRS 后，与较低的 PRS-平均每天 1.5-2.5 小时的户外光组（参考）相比，较高的 PRS-<1.5 小时的户外光组具有最高的 T2D 风险（HR = 2.74，95%CI：2.55 至 2.94），较高的 PRS->2.5 小时的户外光组也有较高的 T2D 风险（HR = 2.58，95%CI：2.43 至 2.74）。平均户外光照时间与 T2D 遗传易感性之间的相互作用具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。我们发现，最佳的户外光照时间可能会改变 T2D 的遗传风险。这表明，通过花费最佳的户外光照时间，可能会预防与遗传因素相关的 T2D 风险。
